Computed tomographic study of remarkable anatomic variations in paranasal sinus region and their clinical importance - A retrospective study

Abstract

Introduction: With the advent of functional endoscopic sinus surgery and coronal computed tomography (CT) imaging, more attention has been paid toward paranasal region anatomy. Detailed knowledge of anatomic variations in paranasal sinus region is critical for surgeons performing endoscopic sinus surgery as well as for the radiologist involved in the pre- and post-operative assessment. The anatomical variants with some accompanying pathologies would directly influence the success of diagnostic and therapeutic management of paranasal sinus diseases. Our study intends to explore the anatomy of paranasal air sinus through CT and to describe its variants, which may predispose to chronic sinusitis and complications in endoscopic sinonasal surgery. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out in a tertiary institution. Two hundred and fifty patients without paranasal sinus symptoms who presented for head CT studies and gave consent for a coronal section scan of the paranasal sinuses to be taken in addition to the axial section of the head were included in the study. The CT examination was performed with GE Hispeed-NX/I Base-2002 Dual Slice Helical CT machine. Results: Among 250 study population, 100 were females and 150 males. Among these 423 cases of anatomical variants were observed. The most common anatomical variants were pneumatization of the middle nasal turbinates 30.73%. This is followed by agger nasi cells 21.64%, Haller's cells 22.91%, septal deviation 21.91%, and sphenoid sinus septation (20.18%). Discussion: CT is the gold standard in the radiologic investigation of the paranasal sinuses, sinonasal lesions, and inflammatory disease or pre- and post-surgical assessment. It has the capability of disclosing in greatest detail any anatomical variations, which could be causing or precipitating the sinusitis.

Celulite Orbital E Empiema Subdural Como Complicações De Pansinusopatia Aguda Em Paciente Pediátrico: Relato De Caso

“…al., 2014;NAUTIYAL et. al., 2020) As células Agger Nasi são consideradas as células etmoidais mais anteriores, localizadas anteriormente ao corneto médio e anterior ao recesso frontal, estas se abrem no infundíbulo etmoidal, e sua presença, assim como de outras variações, pode obstruir as vias de drenagem dos seios maxilar e frontal (NAUTIYAL et. al., 2020;FARHAN et.…”

Cribriform Plate Anatomical Variations: A Computed Tomography Study

“…11,12 Knowledge of anatomy and anatomical variations of the ethmoid bone, particularly the cribriform plate, is of great importance for otolaryngologists and neurosurgeons, as one of the complications that can occur during surgery of the nasal cavity or anterior cranial fossa is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula or nasal liquorrhea, resulting from perforation of the cribriform plate. Despite the literature presenting several computed tomography investigations of the nasal cavity anatomical variations, [13][14][15] investigations of the cribriform plate variations are still scanty. We aimed to analyze the presence of anatomical variations of the cribriform plate using images of computed tomography of the skull and their frequency between genders.…”

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis After Surgery for Mid-Facial Fracture: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…[3][4][5] It is generally accepted that chronic maxillary sinusitis could be caused by rhinogenous infection, odontogenic diseases, trauma, anatomical variations, etc. 1,[6][7][8][9] Importantly, the maxillary sinus is very vulnerable to trauma because of its intrinsic nature of positioning in the mid-face. Moreover, the air-filled cavity and thin-walled structure make the maxillary sinus more susceptible to fracture in injury.…”