Computed tomography of temporal bone pneumatization: 1. Normal pattern and morphology

Virapongse, Chat; Sarwar, Mohammad; Bhimani, Sultan; Sasaki, Clarence T.; Shapiro, Robert

doi:10.2214/ajr.145.3.473

Cited by 131 publications

(104 citation statements)

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“…The supralabyrinthine region is pneumatized by the posterior superior and subarcuate tracts while the infralabyrinthine region is pneumatized by hypotympanum, posteromedial and peritubal cells. The petrous apex is pneumatized by cells from the perilabyrinthine region and peritubal tracts [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification and volumetric analysis of temporal bone pneumatization using cone beam computed tomography

Fellows

Hand

Tadinada

et al. 2014

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification and volumetric analysis of temporal bone pneumatization using cone beam computed tomography

Fellows

Hand

Tadinada

et al. 2014

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology

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“…The rationale behind this is that the pneumatization of the petrous apex cells near the genu of the internal carotid canal is a risk factor of CSF leaks through the ET [23][24][25] . The Saliba petrous apex pneumatization level classification was therefore used to determine whether a patient would undergo ET obliteration [22] .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eustachian Tube Obliteration and its Effect on Rhinoliquorrhea in Translabyrinthine Vestibular Schwannoma Excision

Moderie

Maniakas²,

Moumdjian³

et al. 2017

Int Adv Otol

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OBJECTIVE:Rhinoliquorrhea is defined as a cerebrospinal fluid leakage from the nose. Our objective in this study is to determine the reduction of rhinoliquorrhea rates by Eustachian tube (ET) obliteration in the context of a translabyrinthine approach performed following vestibular schwannoma (VS) excision. MATERIALS and METHODS:This is a prospective study achieved in a tertiary-care center where the chart review revealed 94 VS operated by the translabyrinthine approach between 2009 and 2015. There were 40 males and 54 females aged from 28-76 years. The only exclusion criterion was a previous history of cranial surgery. ET obliteration was systematically executed when the petrous apex pneumatization level was at least 2 of 4. Our main outcome measure was the development of rhinoliquorrhea. RESULTS:Eighty-eight patients underwent ET obliteration and were followed for an average of 2.6±1.2 years. Rhinoliquorrhea was reported in 1.14% of the patients having had an ET obliteration. When compared to our previous sample of patients operated with a translabyrinthine approach, it represents a reduction of 84%. CONCLUSION:Obliteration of the ET is a fast and simple procedure that reduces the rate of rhinoliquorrhea. We therefore recommend its use, specifically in cases of petrous apex pneumatization levels 2-4.

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“…Alhough the mastoid air cell system has been investigated as a very complex airspace, almost no reference has been found so far on determining the size of a singular air cell, and its possible variation in size. To the author's knowledge, only the work by Virapongse et al [86] has been investigating this problem directly. From observations on several mastoid air cells using X-ray micro-CT scans, the size and shape of the mastoid air cells indeed vary dramatically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [86], the authors only concentrated on so-called medium-sized cells corresponding to cells having a size, i.e. a diameter, ranging between 2 mm to 5 mm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite some misleading parts, the work by Virapongse et al [86] has pointed out an important link between the size of an air cell, together with the thickening of an inflamed mucosa, and the ability for the mastoid to regulate negative pressure during pathology. This chapter aims at investigating the range of air cell sizes, and to observe how the cells are naturally distributed in the mastoid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural properties of the mastoid using image analysis and visualization

Cros¹

2017

Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations

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Volume rendering of a 3D shape analysis where medial balls are fitting the mastoid air cell system of a human temporal bone specimen, overlaid over a manually cropped version of the original data. The different colours represent the different size classes: from very small in dark blue to vary large in purple. The bone is rendered with a modified transfer function so as to reveal the micro-channels.Copyright © 2017 Olivier Cros, unless otherwise noted. AbstractThe mastoid, located in the temporal bone, houses an air cell system whose cells have a variation in size that can go far below current conventional clinical CT scanner resolution. Therefore, the mastoid air cell system is only partially represented in a clinical CT scan. Where the conventional clinical CT scanner lacks level of minute details, micro-CT scanning provides an overwhelming amount of fine details. The temporal bone being one of the most complex in the human body, visualization of micro-CT scanning of this bone awakens the curiosity of the experimenter, especially with the correct visualization settings.This thesis first presents a statistical analysis determining the surface area to volume ratio of the mastoid air cell system of human temporal bone, from micro-CT scanning using methods previously applied for conventional clinical CT scans. The study compared current results with previous studies, with successive downsampling the data down to a resolution found in conventional clinical CT scans. The results from the statistical analysis showed that all the small mastoid air cells, that cannot be detected in conventional clinical CT scans, do heavily contribute to the estimation of the surface area, and in consequence to the estimation of the surface area to volume ratio by a factor of about 2.6. Such a result further strengthens the idea of the mastoid to play an active role in pressure regulation and gas exchange.Discovery of micro-channels through specific use of a non-traditional transfer function was then reported, where a qualitative and a quantitative preanalysis were performed and reported. To gain more knowledge about these micro-channels, a local structure tensor analysis was applied where structures are described in terms of planar, tubular, or isotropic structures. The results from this structural tensor analysis suggest these micro-channels to potentially be part of a more complex framework, which hypothetically would provide a separate blood supply for the mucosa lining the mastoid air cell system.The knowledge gained from analysing the micro-channels as locally providing blood to the mucosa, led to the consideration of how inflammation of the mucosa could impact the pneumatization of the mastoid air cell system. Though very primitive, a 3D shape analysis of the mastoid air cell system was carried out. The mastoid air cell system was first represented in a compact form through a medial axis, from which medial balls could be used. The medial balls, representative of how large the mastoid air cells can be locally, were used in two co...

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Computed tomography of temporal bone pneumatization: 1. Normal pattern and morphology

Cited by 131 publications

References 0 publications

Classification and volumetric analysis of temporal bone pneumatization using cone beam computed tomography

Classification and volumetric analysis of temporal bone pneumatization using cone beam computed tomography

Eustachian Tube Obliteration and its Effect on Rhinoliquorrhea in Translabyrinthine Vestibular Schwannoma Excision

Structural properties of the mastoid using image analysis and visualization

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