Computer vision syndrome: prevalence and predictors among students

Arshad, Sonya; Qureshi, Muhammad Faisal; Ali, Muhammad; Piryani, Komal; Shafqat, Komal; Mateen, Madiha; Waheed, Mahnoor; Rohaila, Mahnoor; Amin, Manal

doi:10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.15-22

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…A total of 45 cross-sectional and 4 case control studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis: four studies in Saudi Arabia, 39–42 four studies in Pakistan, 43–46 three studies in Spain, 47–49 three studies in Ghana, 50–52 seven studies in Ethiopia, 53–58 five studies in Egypt, 11,59–62 two studies in Nigeria, 63,64 one study in Jordan, 65 two studies in China, 66,67 one study in Iran, 68 one study in Nepal, 69 eight studies in India, 18,70–76 one study in South Korea, 77 one study in Seri Lanka, 78 one study in Italy, 29 two studies in Brazil, 79,80 one study in Beirut, 81 one study in Japan, 82 and one study in Thailand. 83 A total of 23,399 sample sizes were included.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer vision syndrome and its determinants: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Lema

Anbesu

2022

SAGE Open Medicine

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Objective: Computer vision syndromes are becoming a major public health concern. Inconsistent findings existed on computer vision syndrome. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of computer vision syndrome and identify its determinants. Methods: In this study, the review was developed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Online electronic databases, including PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, and Google Scholar, were used to retrieve studies from 1 December to 9 April 2022. Quality assessment of the studies was performed using the JBI-MAStARI. RevMan and STATA 14 software were used for statistical analysis. Result: A total of 725 studies were retrieved, and 49 studies were included. The pooled prevalence of computer vision syndrome was 66% (95%, Confidence interval: 59, 74). Being female (Odd Ratio = 1.74, 95% Confidence interval [1.2, 2.53]), improper body posturing while using electronic devices (Odd Ratio = 2.65, 95% Confidence interval [1.7, 4.12]), use of electronic devices out of work (Odd Ratio = 1.66, 95% CI [1.15, 2.39]), no habit of taking breaks (Odd Ratio = 2.24, 95% Confidence interval [1.13, 4.44]), long duration of visual display terminal use (Odd Ratio = 2.02, 95% Confidence interval [1.08, 3.77]), short distance screen (Odd Ratio = 4.24, 95% Confidence interval [2.33, 7.71]), and general ergonomic practice (Odd Ratio = 3.87, 95% Confidence interval [2.18, 6.86]) were associated with increased odds of computer vision syndrome. However, good knowledge (Odd Ratio = 4.04, 95% Confidence interval [2.75, 5.94]) of computer vision syndrome was associated with decreased odds of computer vision syndrome. Conclusion: Nearly two in three participants had computer vision syndrome. Being female, improper body posturing, use of electronics devices out of work, no habit of taking a break, long-hour duration of visual display terminal use, short-distance screen, and general ergonomic practice were associated with increased odds of computer vision syndrome.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer vision syndrome and its determinants: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Lema

Anbesu

2022

SAGE Open Medicine

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“…According to our results, the top five most debilitating symptoms of CVS were dryness (29.7%), headache (26.9%), worsening sight (26.6%), burning (17%), and itching (16.5%), while double vision represented the least symptom. Studies suggest that headache was the most prominent symptom complained by the students [ 3 - 4 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 11 , 12 ]. Contradicting these reports, Abudawood et al revealed that excessive tearing was the students' most common symptom, followed by shoulder and back pain [ 5 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence and Knowledge of Digital Eye Strain Among the Undergraduates in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Almudhaiyan¹,

Aldebasi²,

Alakel³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Aim/backgroundDigital eye strain, also called computer vision syndrome (CVS), is a group of symptoms resulting from prolonged computer, tablet, e-reader, and cell phone use. The level of discomfort and the severity of these symptoms appear to increase with the amount of digital screen use. These symptoms include eyestrain, headaches, blurred vision, and dry eyes. This study aims to assess the changes in the prevalence of digital eye strain among college students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among university students at different college institutions in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Subjects were interviewed, and the data were collected using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire was composed of student demographic data, students' general knowledge and risk perception of digital eye strain, and the assessment of CVS symptoms questionnaire. ResultsOf the 364 university students, 55.5% were females, and 96.2% were aged between 18 and 29 years. A significant proportion of university students (84.6%) were using digital devices for five hours or more. The proportion of university students who were aware of the 20-20-20 rule was 37.4%. The overall prevalence of positive for CVS symptoms was 76.1%. Independent risk factors for CVS symptoms were gender female, ocular disorders, and using digital devices at a shorter distance. ConclusionThere was a high prevalence of CVS symptoms among university students in our region. Female students with an ocular disease were more likely to exhibit CVS symptoms than other university students, but using a digital device at a longer distance could alleviate the symptoms of CVS. A longitudinal study is needed to establish the effect of CVS symptoms among university students, especially during the post-pandemic era.

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“…A total of 45 cross-sectional studies with 17,526 sample sizes were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis: four studies in Saudi Arabia 40 – 43 , two studies in Nigeria 44 , 45 , three studies in Ghana 46 – 48 , four studies in Pakistan 49 – 52 , three studies in Spain 53 – 55 , seven studies in Ethiopia 56 – 62 , one study in Jordan 63 , two studies in China 64 , 65 , one study in Iran 66 , three studies in Egypt 67 – 69 , eight studies in India 18 , 70 – 76 , one study in Nepal 77 , one study in Sri Lanka 29 , two studies in Brazil 78 , 79 , one study in Beirut 80 , one study in Japan 81 , and one study in Thailand 82 . The sample size ranged from 74 in China 64 to 2210 in Sri Lanka 29 (Table 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of computer vision syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Anbesu

Lema

2023

Sci Rep

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Although computer vision syndromes are becoming a major public health concern, less emphasis is given to them, particularly in developing countries. There are primary studies on different continents; however, there are inconsistent findings in prevalence among the primary studies. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of computer vision syndrome. In this study, the review was developed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Online electronic databases, including PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, and Google Scholar, were used to retrieve published and unpublished studies. The study was conducted from December 1 to April 9/2022. Study selection, quality assessment, and data extraction were performed independently by two authors. Quality assessment of the studies was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument tool. Heterogeneity was assessed using the statistical test I2. STATA 14 software was used for statistical analysis. A total of 7,35 studies were retrieved, and 45 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of computer vision syndrome was 66% (95% CI: 59, 74). Subgroup analysis based on country was highest in Pakistan (97%, 95% CI: 96, 98) and lowest in Japan (12%, 95% CI: 9, 15). Subgroup analysis based on country showed that studies in Saudi Arabia (I2 = 99.41%, p value < 0.001), Ethiopia (I2 = 72.6%, p value < 0.001), and India (I2 = 98.04%, p value < 0.001) had significant heterogeneity. In the sensitivity analysis, no single study unduly influenced the overall effect estimate. Nearly two in three participants had computer vision syndrome. Thus, preventive practice strategic activities for computer vision syndrome are important interventions.

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Computer vision syndrome: prevalence and predictors among students

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Computer vision syndrome and its determinants: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Computer vision syndrome and its determinants: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The Prevalence and Knowledge of Digital Eye Strain Among the Undergraduates in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Prevalence of computer vision syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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