Concentrations of potentially toxic elements and soil environmental quality evaluation of a typical Prosecco vineyard of the Veneto region (NE Italy)

Abstract

Purpose The aim of this work was to assess the concentrations of potentially toxic elements and to evaluate the soil quality of a typical Prosecco Denomination of Controlled and Guaranteed Origin vineyard of the Veneto region, NE Italy. Materials and methods Soil samples and leaves of Taraxacum officinale and Vitis vinifera were collected during spring-summer 2014. Element determination (Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, V, and Zn) were performed with ICP-OES after microwave digestion of samples. Soil quality was assessed via the biological soil quality (BSQ-ar) index. Lipid peroxidation test was performed to evaluate the vegetation oxidative stress, based on malondialdehyde (MDA) content via spectrophotometer. Results and discussion High concentrations of Al, Mg, and P were identified in soil, while high contents of Al, Cu, Fe, and Zn were found in V. vinifera leaves. The high concentrations in soil are probably due to agricultural activities, whereas those in leaves are probably due to atmospheric deposition and repeated use of foliar sprays in viticulture. The bioconcentration factor showed an effective transport of Cu, P, and Zn, from soil to leaf. The BSQ-ar values registered were similar to those obtained in preserved soils; hence, the biological class (VI) of these soils is high. The MDA content in T. officinale and V. vinifera leaves was below the reference value for T. officinale (2.9 ± 0.2 μM), suggesting that the metal content did not stress the vegetation in the investigated site. Conclusions The MDA value for V. vinifera (1.1 ± 0.7 μM) could be adopted as another control value for soil quality, which in our case is of Bgood quality.^Moreover, our results suggest that high concentrations of elements detected in the analyzed samples do not influence negatively the quality of soil, but a better agronomic management could improve soil quality in the studied area.

Ecological Risk Assessment, Interpolation, and Pollution Source Identification of Toxic Elements in Soils and Leaves of the Vineyard of Malayer County

“…However, since no contamination with copper had been documented in previous studies (12) for the soils of vineyards in Malayer, this amount of contamination in this short period of time could be alarming. Copper contamination has been found in the majority of the studies performed in this regard (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). However, the amount of copper transfer to the aerial parts of the plants and the biological accumulation of copper in the grapevine species in Malayer were lower compared to other similar studies.…”

“…Many studies (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) have been conducted regarding the pollution of the vineyard soil with toxic elements and even the spatial distribution of the contamination in these regions as well as the pollution absorption and bioaccumulation for various varieties of grapevines. In general, the majority of these studies have dealt with the pollution by toxic elements and factors influencing the creation of pollution like the application of chemicals (pesticides, fungicides, and herbicides), use of wastewaters for irrigation and also land uses on the periphery of the studied regions.…”

Soil and Leaf Mineral Element Contents in Mediterranean Vineyards: Bioaccumulation and Potential Soil Pollution

“…Many studies have been conducted recently regarding the pollution of the vineyard soil with toxic elements (Gallo et al, 2018;Milićević et al, 2018;Beygi & Jalali, 2019;Pham et al, 2021). The pollution index (I-geo) provides a useful tool to evaluate potential environmental contamination.…”

Available Heavy Metal Concentrations and their Influencing Factors in Cropland and Fallows of Different Age in Tropical Area

“…In recent years, the contamination of heavy metals in soils has attracted much attention by scholars. A large number of studies on heavy metals in soil have been carried out with respect to source analysis, risk assessment, remediation, spatial distribution and variability [14][15][16][17]. Fallowing is allowing land to lie undisturbed for a season or more for fertility restoration.…”