Conceptual Foreknowings: An Integrative Review of Hope

Abstract

Hope is a universal humanuniverse living experience. To advance nursing knowledge of hope as a universal humanuniverse living experience, the scholar dwelled with printed material on hope and explored with pattern preferences. The purpose of this paper is to set forth the conceptual foreknowings arising from the integrative review of literature from diverse disciplines. Four themes arose from the review, which are elaborated here.

Hope-based interventions in chronic disease: an integrative review in the light of Nightingale

“…The use of therapeutic letters as a form of expression of forgiveness and gratitude as well as the clarification of values allows to transform the experience of suffering, challenging people to change their attitude, and to promote hope as a relational process (4)(5)18) .…”

“…At the beginning, it was based on essentially practical knowledge, characterized by a solicitude associated with a spirit of fraternal help and charitable dedication, having been influenced by technical-scientific developments, and by increasingly complex and diversified socio-cultural contexts, giving rise to a practice based on scientific knowledge, professional competence and the adoption of scientific methods of work (2) . Conceptual foreknowing's of hope (3)(4) assume that is a universal human universe living experience characterized by some patterns: a) hope hides in veiled shades of obscurity; b) strengthens dreams; c) hopeno-hope illuminates connections and hope keeps perseverance in fighting; d) linking the present to the future; and e) expands the horizon of possibilities.…”

“…The scholars are unanimous in defining hope as a dynamic and multidimensional process that is central to life, oriented towards the future, intentional and highly personalized in each individual (4)(5)(6) . It also involves the presence of significant objects that are desirable and realistically possible to achieve and the willingness and capacity to make decisions and make choices (7) .…”

A Parsesciencing Inquiry on Hope

“…What is known and believed by this scholar about hope as a universal humanuniverse living experience from the literature was explicated in an integrated thematic description. The thematic description arose after searching the literature and considering other sources in diverse disciplines, and the following four themes were crafted as the foreknowings of hope: Hope hides in veiled shades of obscurity , hope strengthens dreams , hope-no-hope illuminates connections , and hope expands the horizon of possibilities (see Doe, 2020a, for details).…”

The Humanbecoming Concept Inventing Model: Hope

“…The four themes crafted on hope represent the scholar’s conceptual foreknowings about hope. An elaboration of these four themes appears in the article by the scholar (Doe, 2019).…”