Concomitant Chemoradiation Therapy with Gold Nanoparticles and Platinum Drugs Co-Encapsulated in Liposomes

Abstract

<jats:p>A liposomal formulation of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and carboplatin, named LipoGold, was produced with the staggered herringbone microfluidic method. The radiosensitizing potential of LipoGold and similar concentrations of non-liposomal GNPs, carboplatin and oxaliplatin was evaluated in vitro with the human colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 in a clonogenic assay. Progression of HCT116 tumor implanted subcutaneously in NU/NU mice was monitored after an irradiation of 10 Gy combined with either LipoGold, GNPs or carboplatin injected directly into the tumor by convection-enhanced delivery. Radiosensitization by GNPs alone or carboplatin alone was observed only at high concentrations of these compounds. Furthermore, low doses of carboplatin alone or a combination of carboplatin and GNPs did not engender radiosensitization. However, the same low doses of carboplatin and GNPs administered simultaneously by encapsulation in liposomal nanocarriers (LipoGold) led to radiosensitization and efficient control of cell proliferation. Our study shows that the radiosensitizing effect of a combination of carboplatin and GNPs is remarkably more efficient when both compounds are simultaneously delivered to the tumor cells using a liposomal carrier.</jats:p>

Recent Advances in Plasma-Based Cancer Treatments: Approaching Clinical Translation through an Intracellular View

“…For instance, chemoradiation therapy (CRT) is combining of radiation therapy and chemotherapy at the same time. Moreover, in concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT), employing radiosensitizer or radioenhancers with platinum chemotherapeutic drugs together sensitizes the malignant cells to high-energy radiation [6] which is offering an alternative application of chemoradiation therapy [7,8]. Some emerging strategies including photothermal therapy (using photothermal agents activated by light to produce heat for tumor destruction), gene therapy and immune therapy have also shown reasonable potential in cancer treatment.…”

Controlled-Release Nanosystems with a Dual Function of Targeted Therapy and Radiotherapy in Colorectal Cancer

“…In addition, the nanoparticle system was tested in vivo on a murine model with a subcutaneous xenograft of HCT116 cells. Carboplatin (at a low concentration), combined with AuNPs in a liposomal formulation, has a synergistic effect with a radiation dose of 10 Gy [ 42 ]. In addition to enhancing external radiation therapy treatment, strategies have also been implemented with AuNPs to enhance internal radiation therapy.…”

Advances of Nanomedicine in Radiotherapy

“…It has been proved that different types of inorganic nanoparticles are able to improve the anti-tumor efficacy of chemoradiation, such as gold (Au) [73], platinum (Pt) [74,75], bismuth(Bi)-based, manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ), and iodine(I)-based.…”

“…In another work, Charest et al encapsulated gold nanoparticles and carboplatin in liposome preparations to form a novel nanocomplex. The same dose of carboplatin and gold nanomaterials equipped on liposome nanomaterials can significantly inhibit tumor growth and enhance RT antitumor efficacy, while carboplatin or gold nanomaterials alone have no radiosensitization effect in vivo [74].…”