Concordant genetic structure in two species of woodpecker distributed across the primary West African biogeographic barriers

Abstract

Please cite this article as: Fuchs, J., Bowie, R.C.K., Concordant genetic structure in two species of woodpecker distributed across the primary West African biogeographic barriers, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (2015), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.ympev.2015.03.011 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. been assessed due to limitations in geographic sampling or properties of the markers used. We compared the phylogeographic history of two co-distributed sister-species of woodpeckers (Campethera caroli and C. nivosa) using data from three loci representing all inheritance modes.Our analyses revealed that both the Dahomey Gap and possibly the Lower Niger River acted as strong biogeographic barriers for the two woodpecker species, with the Lower Niger River being the first barrier to have formed, leading to three distinct populations of C. nivosa. Our divergence time analyses revealed that both these biogeographic barriers formed during the Pleistocene, supporting the Pleistocene refuge hypothesis, with the Dahomey Gap likely appearing about 0.5 myr BP. No genetic structure was recovered among sampled populations in either the Upper or the Lower Guinea Forest Block for both species, despite the considerable geographic area covered.

Phylogeography of the heavily poached African common pangolin (Pholidota, Manis tricuspis) reveals six cryptic lineages as traceable signatures of Pleistocene diversification

“…This is a unique pattern among African rainforest organisms, because WCA has traditionally been included in the LGB biogeographic group (Booth 1958), as recently suggested by molecular studies of taxa encompassing the two rainforest blocks (e.g. Colyn et al 2010;Leach e & Fujita 2010;Koffi et al 2011;Fuchs & Bowie 2015). Our results suggest that a Pleistocene biogeographic barrier acting along a southwest-northeast line approximately joining Gabon to eastern Cameroon isolated the two main protolineages of African common pangolins.…”

“…; Leaché & Fujita ; Koffi et al . ; Fuchs & Bowie ). Our results suggest that a Pleistocene biogeographic barrier acting along a southwest–northeast line approximately joining Gabon to eastern Cameroon isolated the two main protolineages of African common pangolins.…”

“…; Hardy et al . ; Fuchs & Bowie ), and further sampling in the subregion shall help clarify the delimitation of the Gabonese lineage.…”

“…However, the presence of a distinct lineage in Gabon west of the SRI and sister-group with CA cannot be solely explained by this scenario. Thus, more complex factors including secondary dispersal and Pleistocene refugia acting at successive time scales in coastal WCA might be necessary to consider (see Da€ ınou et al 2010;Hardy et al 2013;Fuchs & Bowie 2015), and further sampling in the subregion shall help clarify the delimitation of the Gabonese lineage.…”

Multilocus phylogeny of the Crocidura poensis species complex (Mammalia, Eulipotyphla): Influences of the palaeoclimate on its diversification and evolution

“…The increased aridity and/or extreme environmental variability at this period could have favoured the diversification within the C. poensis species complex through a vicariance event. It is interesting to note that at more or less the same time period diversification events between West Africa and Central-East Africa were also recorded in several other forest-adapted small mammals (Hassanin et al, 2015;Nicolas et al, 2006Nicolas et al, , 2010 and birds (Fuchs & Bowie, 2015;Fuchs, Fjeldså, & Bowie, 2017;Huntley & Voelker, 2016).…”