Concrete propensity to fire spalling: testing and observations

Hager, Izabela; Mróz, Katarzyna; Tracz, Tomasz

doi:10.1051/matecconf/201816302004

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This effect is attributable to the filler effect and the pozzolanic activity of SF, resulting in the production of a cement matrix with low permeability. Hence, as a result of high vapor pressure during concrete heating, the risk of thermally-induced explosive spalling increases [ 3 , 5 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Nanomaterials on the Thermal Resistance of Cement-Based Composites—A Review

2018

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Exposure to elevated temperatures has detrimental effects on the properties of cementitious composites, leading to irreversible changes, up to total failure. Various methods have been used to suppress the deterioration of concrete under elevated temperature conditions. Recently, nanomaterials have been introduced as admixtures, which decrease the thermal degradation of cement-based composites after exposure to high temperatures. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent developments related to the effects of nanoparticles on the thermal resistance of cementitious composites. The review provides an updated report on the effects of temperature on the properties of cement-based composites, as well as a detailed analysis of the available literature regarding the inclusion of nanomaterials and their effects on the thermal degradation of cementitious composites. The data from the studies reviewed indicate that the inclusion of nanoparticles in composites protects from strength loss, as well as contributing to a decrease in disruptive cracking, after thermal exposure. From all the nanomaterials presented, nanosilica has been studied the most extensively. However, there are other nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, nanoclays, nanoalumina or nano-iron oxides, that can be used to produce heat-resistant cementitious composites. Based on the data available, it can be concluded that the effects of nanomaterials have not been fully explored and that further investigations are required, so as to successfully utilize them in the production of heat-resistant cementitious composites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Nanomaterials on the Thermal Resistance of Cement-Based Composites—A Review

2018

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“…An influence of high temperature on the flexural strength of the tested concrete specimens was evaluated for the samples initially heated to the constant mass at 105°. The initial drying to the constant mass is used in most temperature tests of concrete [ 45 ]. The biggest downfall of the flexural strength has been observed for the concrete without NS (C0).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are few publications concerning the use of NS for the modification of concrete. However, investigations described in [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ], carried out on the cement concrete at the high temperature, show that the concrete behavior in these circumstances can be different due to the presence of the coarse aggregate. The aggregate makes up about 70% of the volume of concrete, so it mainly decides on the mechanical performance of concrete at high temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Nano-SiO2 on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Concrete under High Temperature Conditions

et al. 2021

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The aim of the research was to determine how the admixture of nanosilica affects the structure and mechanical performance of cement concrete exposed to high temperatures (200, 400, 600, and 800 °C). The structural tests were carried out on the cement paste and concrete using the methods of thermogravimetric analysis, mercury porosimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that despite the growth of the cement matrix’s total porosity with an increasing amount of nanosilica, the resistance to high temperature improves. Such behavior is the result of not only the thermal characteristics of nanosilica itself but also of the porosity structure in the cement matrix and using the effective method of dispersing the nanostructures in concrete. The nanosilica densifies the structure of the concrete, limiting the number of the pores with diameters from 0.3 to 300 μm, which leads to limitation of the microcracks, particularly in the coarse aggregate-cement matrix contact zone. This phenomenon, in turn, diminishes the cracking of the specimens containing nanosilica at high temperatures and improves the mechanical strength.

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“…However, many of them did not provide all information on the 11 input parameters. In this study, 265 test results from [1][2][3][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] are used to train the presented ANN model. The test results from these published literature were compiled and summarized in " Table 9 in Appendix 1".…”

Section: Network Data Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A machine learning approach to predict explosive spalling of heated concrete

Liu

Zhang

2020

Archiv.Civ.Mech.Eng

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Explosive spalling is an unfavorable phenomenon observed in concrete when exposed to heating load. It is a great potential threat to safety of concrete structures subjected to accidental thermal loads. Therefore, assessing explosive spalling risk of concrete is important for fire safety design of concrete structures. This paper proposed a popular machine learning approach, i.e., artificial neural network (ANN), to assess explosive spalling risk of concrete. Besides, the decision tree method was also used to execute the same mission for a comparison purpose. Twenty-eight groups of heating tests were conducted to validate the proposed ANN model. The ANN model behaved well in assessing explosive spalling of concrete, with a prediction accuracy of 82.1%. This study shows that ANN is a promising method for adequate classification of concrete as material resistant or not resistant to thermal explosive spalling.

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Concrete propensity to fire spalling: testing and observations

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

The Influence of Nanomaterials on the Thermal Resistance of Cement-Based Composites—A Review

The Influence of Nanomaterials on the Thermal Resistance of Cement-Based Composites—A Review

Effect of Nano-SiO2 on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Concrete under High Temperature Conditions

A machine learning approach to predict explosive spalling of heated concrete

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