Concurrent tuberculous chorioretinitis with choroidal neovascularization and tuberculous meningitis: a case report

Zhang, Yankun; Fu, Hong-Yi; Gao, Yan; Li, Yujing; Bai, Hong-Zhong

doi:10.1186/s12886-020-01504-y

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

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“…However, the mycobacterial load was significantly increased in SU5416-treated Kramnik mice when compared to the vehicle control-treated group (76). Anti-VEGF therapy has further shown significant clinical improvement of ocular TB inflammation, suggesting its use in therapy for pulmonary TB (86)(87)(88). Angiogenesis is controlled and regulated by multiple host signaling pathways.…”

Section: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Molecular Inflammatory Pathways in Granuloma as Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

et al. 2021

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Globally, more than 10 million people developed active tuberculosis (TB), with 1.4 million deaths in 2020. In addition, the emergence of drug-resistant strains in many regions of the world threatens national TB control programs. This requires an understanding of host-pathogen interactions and finding novel treatments including host-directed therapies (HDTs) is of utter importance to tackle the TB epidemic. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent for TB, mainly infects the lungs causing inflammatory processes leading to immune activation and the development and formation of granulomas. During TB disease progression, the mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrates which form the central structure of granulomas undergo cellular changes to form epithelioid cells, multinucleated giant cells and foamy macrophages. Granulomas further contain neutrophils, NK cells, dendritic cells and an outer layer composed of T and B lymphocytes and fibroblasts. This complex granulomatous host response can be modulated by Mtb to induce pathological changes damaging host lung tissues ultimately benefiting the persistence and survival of Mtb within host macrophages. The development of cavities is likely to enhance inter-host transmission and caseum could facilitate the dissemination of Mtb to other organs inducing disease progression. This review explores host targets and molecular pathways in the inflammatory granuloma host immune response that may be beneficial as target candidates for HDTs against TB.

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Section: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Molecular Inflammatory Pathways in Granuloma as Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

et al. 2021

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Diagnostic Challenges in Inflammatory Choroidal Neovascularization

Karska-Basta,

Pociej-Marciak,

Żuber-Łaskawiec

et al. 2024

Medicina

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Inflammation plays a key role in the induction of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Inflammatory choroidal neovascularization (iCNV) is a severe but uncommon complication of both infectious and non-infectious uveitides. It is hypothesized that its pathogenesis is similar to that of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and involves hypoxia as well as the release of vascular endothelial growth factor, stromal cell-derived factor 1-alpha, and other mediators. Inflammatory CNV develops when inflammation or infection directly involves the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)–Bruch’s membrane complex. Inflammation itself can compromise perfusion, generating a gradient of retinal–choroidal hypoxia that additionally promotes the formation of choroidal neovascularization in the course of uveitis. The development of choroidal neovascularization may be a complication, especially in conditions such as punctate inner choroidopathy, multifocal choroiditis, serpiginous choroiditis, and presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome. Although the majority of iCNV cases are well defined and appear as the “classic” type (type 2 lesion) on fluorescein angiography, the diagnosis of iCNV is challenging due to difficulties in differentiating between inflammatory choroiditis lesions and choroidal neovascularization. Modern multimodal imaging, particularly the recently introduced technology of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (noninvasive and rapid imaging modalities), can reveal additional features that aid the diagnosis of iCNV. However, more studies are needed to establish their role in the diagnosis and evaluation of iCNV activity.

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Presumed Unilateral Quiescent Multifocal Tuberculous Choroiditis

Babalola¹,

Megbelayin²

2022

Egyptian Retina Journal

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A 43-year-old housewife presented to the retina clinic with a 5-year history of poor vision in the left eye. There was no antecedent history of trauma. At presentation, the best-corrected visual acuity was 6/5 and counting fingers in the right and left eye, respectively. Examination of the anterior segment was essentially normal in both eyes. Fundus examination with binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy of the right eye revealed a normal fundus, whereas the left eye had a pale optic disc, widespread hyperpigmented scars some located subvascular, subretinal fibrosis, occluded vessels, and macular atrophic changes. The systemic examination was essentially normal. There was a positive history of previous treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) about 5 years before presentation at the retina clinic. Due to the ocular findings in the left eye and a history of pulmonary TB, a diagnosis of left-healed presumed tuberculous choroiditis was made.

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Concurrent tuberculous chorioretinitis with choroidal neovascularization and tuberculous meningitis: a case report

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Targeting Molecular Inflammatory Pathways in Granuloma as Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

Targeting Molecular Inflammatory Pathways in Granuloma as Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

Diagnostic Challenges in Inflammatory Choroidal Neovascularization

Presumed Unilateral Quiescent Multifocal Tuberculous Choroiditis

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