Condensation monomers and polymers based on 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene

Abstract

The feasibility of conversion of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene into The feasibility of conversion of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene into condensation monomers (nitro compounds, diamines, condensation monomers (nitro compounds, diamines, etc etc.) and .) and their applications in the synthesis of aromatic polymers has been their applications in the synthesis of aromatic polymers has been analysed within the framework of a general problem of 2,4,6-analysed within the framework of a general problem of 2,4,6trinitroluene conversion. The use of aromatic dinitro compounds trinitroluene conversion. The use of aromatic dinitro compounds and diamines for the preparation of oligomeric polyethers and and diamines for the preparation of oligomeric polyethers and polyamides (or polyimides), respectively, is considered. The polyamides (or polyimides), respectively, is considered. The possibility of the synthesis of polyamides and polyimides contain-possibility of the synthesis of polyamides and polyimides containing side aliphatic and aromatic groups and possessing better (in ing side aliphatic and aromatic groups and possessing better (in comparison with the corresponding unsubstituted polymers) comparison with the corresponding unsubstituted polymers) characteristics is demonstrated. The bibliography includes 157 characteristics is demonstrated. The bibliography includes 157 references references. .

Achievements in polycondensation and condensation polymers

“…The incorporation of such groups into macromolecules of aromatic polyethers is favorable for a marked improvement in the solubility and processability of polymers because the interval between the softening temperature and the onset tem perature of thermal degradation becomes wide. Consid erable attention was paid to the utilization of trini trobenzene and trinitrotoluene and their use for the synthesis of new condensation monomers [10][11][12].…”

New Sulfonated Polyethers and Polynaphthylimides based on TNT Derivatives

“…Oxidative demethylation of TNT leading to the formation of TNB was carried out in accordance with previously published methods [6] (scheme 1). The nitro groups in TNB were partially replaced for phenoxy and phenylthio groupings [7,8] using aromatic nucleophilic nitrodisplacement reactions [9] (scheme 2).…”

“…Generally, electron-withdrawing groups should be located in para-or ortho-positions relative to nitro groups, activating the electrophilic centers by decreasing the electron density on the ipsocarbon atoms1 in addition, the activating groups stabilize the Meisenheimer anionic intermediate complex [12]. In principle, very strong electron-withdrawing groups in the meta-positions to the reaction center can cause sufficient activation of the centers for participation in aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions [13]1 however, only a few examples of using this concept in polymer synthesis are known [6,12,13]. Sulfonated aromatic polyethers demonstrating relatively high solution viscosities (2 red up to 0.40 dL g 51 ) were prepared by the interaction of 3,5-dinitrodiphenyl sulfone-4 1sulfonic acid potassium salt with potassium salts of different bis-phenols at 180 4 C for 10 h (scheme 5).…”

“…As availability and low cost of the polymers used for preparation of PEMs are of great importance we have concentrated on the preparation of monomers based on 1,3,5trinitrobenzene (TNB) which is the demethylation product of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), an available and inexpensive explosive material liable to demilitarization and utilization [6], and the polymers derived from it.…”

Tnt-based sulfonated polynaphthylimides useful as proton exchange membranes for fuel cells (pemfcs)

“…Generally these diamines are prepared using multistep synthetic procedures; as a result they are expensive and unavailable. In the line of our investigations on the synthesis of aromatic condensation monomers and polymers based on 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) [20][21][22] we have developed new SCSADAs of general formula showed in Fig. 1 and SPNIs there from.…”