Confronting Grand Challenges in environmental fluid mechanics

Dauxois, Thierry; Peacock, Thomas; Bauer, Péter; Caulfield, C. P.; Cenedese, Claudia; Gorlé, Catherine; Haller, George; Ivey, Gregory; Linden, P. F.; Meiburg, Eckart; Pinardi, Nadia; Vriend, Nathalie; Woods, Andrew W.

doi:10.1103/physrevfluids.6.020501

Cited by 59 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 177 publications

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“…The understanding of droplets evaporation in turbulent flows is a crucial aspect in many different contexts, such as geophysics and spray combustion to name a few. In the first example, evaporation is central for the formation and evolution of clouds and, more in general, in many of the grand challenges of environmental fluid mechanics (Dauxois et al 2021). In the second example, droplet evaporation is a precursor of combustion; ensuring that all the liquid vaporizes before chemical reactions occur is fundamental to minimize the pollutants formation and to maximize the efficiency of the entire process (Birouk & Gökalp 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite-size evaporating droplets in weakly compressible homogeneous shear turbulence

et al. 2022

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We perform interface-resolved simulations of finite-size evaporating droplets in weakly compressible homogeneous shear turbulence. The study is conducted by varying three dimensionless physical parameters: the initial gas temperature over the critical temperature $T_{g,0}/T_c$, the initial droplet diameter over the Kolmogorov scale $d_0/\eta$ and the surface tension, i.e. the shear-based Weber number, $We_{\mathcal {S}}$. For the smallest $We_{\mathcal {S}}$, we first discuss the impact on the evaporation rate of the three thermodynamic models employed to evaluate the gas thermophysical properties: a constant property model and two variable-properties approaches where either the gas density or all the gas properties are allowed to vary. Taking this last approach as reference, the model assuming constant gas properties and evaluated with the ‘1/3’ rule is shown to predict the evaporation rate better than the model where the only variable property is the gas density. Moreover, we observe that the well-known Frössling/Ranz-Marshall correlation underpredicts the Sherwood number at low temperatures, $T_{g,0}/T_c=0.75$. Next, we show that the ratio between the actual evaporation rate in turbulence and the one computed in stagnant conditions is always much higher than one for weakly deformable droplets: it decreases with $T_{g,0}/T_c$ without approaching unity at the highest $T_{g,0}/T_c$ considered. This suggests an evaporation enhancement due to turbulence also in conditions typical of combustion applications. Finally, we examine the overall evaporation rate and the local interfacial mass flux at higher $We_{\mathcal {S}}$, showing a positive correlation between evaporation rate and interfacial curvature, especially at the lowest $T_{g,0}/T_c$.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite-size evaporating droplets in weakly compressible homogeneous shear turbulence

et al. 2022

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“…The tsunami generation by landslides is one of the grand challenges in environmental fluid mechanics 1 . Such events may occur in oceans 2 but also in lakes 3 , 4 or rivers 5 , with different mobilized materials such as soil, rocks, ice, snow 6 or ash in pyroclastic flows 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From laboratory experiments to geophysical tsunamis generated by subaerial landslides

Robbe-Saule

Morize

Bertho

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Modeling of tsunami waves generated by subaerial landslides is important to provide accurate hazard and risk assessments in coastal areas. We perform small-scale laboratory experiments where a tsunami-like wave is generated by the gravity-driven collapse of a subaerial granular column into water. We show that the maximal amplitude reached near-shore by the generated wave in our experiments is linked to the instantaneous immersed volume of grains and to the ultimate immersed deposit. Despite the differences in scale and geometry between our small-scale experiments and the larger-scale geophysical events, a rather good agreement is found between the experimental law and the field data. This approach offers an easy way to estimate the amplitude of paleo-tsunamis.

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“…Thirdly, it can facilitate new discoveries far beyond gastronomy by making science and engineering more accessible. Finally, it can advise policy makers on important decisions for our future generations, such as the announced EU ban on PFAS non-stick coatings by 2030 [531] and help the reduction of climate change [966,967]. To achieve these goals, scientists from related fields must become even more interconnected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culinary fluid mechanics and other currents in food science

Mathijssen¹,

Lisicki²,

Prakash³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Innovations in fluid mechanics have refined food since ancient history, while creativity in cooking inspires science in return. Here, we review how recent advances in hydrodynamics are changing food science, and we highlight how the surprising phenomena that arise in the kitchen lead to discoveries and technologies across the disciplines, including rheology, soft matter, biophysics and molecular gastronomy. This review is structured like a menu, where each course highlights different aspects of culinary fluid mechanics. Our main themes include multiphase flows, complex fluids, thermal convection, hydrodynamic instabilities, viscous flows, granular matter, porous media, percolation, chaotic advection, interfacial phenomena, and turbulence. For every topic, we first provide an introduction accessible to food professionals and scientists in neighbouring fields. We then assess the state-of-the-art knowledge, the open problems, and likely directions for future research. New gastronomic ideas grow rapidly as the scientific recipes keep improving too.

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Confronting Grand Challenges in environmental fluid mechanics

Cited by 59 publications

References 177 publications

Finite-size evaporating droplets in weakly compressible homogeneous shear turbulence

Finite-size evaporating droplets in weakly compressible homogeneous shear turbulence

From laboratory experiments to geophysical tsunamis generated by subaerial landslides

Culinary fluid mechanics and other currents in food science

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