Congenital hypothyroidism

Sonographic evaluation of normal thyroid volume and thyroid isthmus depth among infants in the west coast of Turkey

“…The weight, height, and BMI of the study group were within the normal ranges according to Turkish ORIGINAL PAPER mal echogenicity of the thyroid gland [1,3]. Determining if the thyroid gland as small, normal, or enlarged is important for proper diagnosis, treatment decision, and prognosis of patients with CH [1,10]. The normative values for the TV in infants have been strongly influenced by the geographical location, nutritional status of iodine during pregnancy, and ethnic and genetic factors.…”

“…The weight, height, and BMI of the study group were within the normal ranges according to Turkish ORIGINAL PAPER mal echogenicity of the thyroid gland [1,3]. Determining if the thyroid gland as small, normal, or enlarged is important for proper diagnosis, treatment decision, and prognosis of patients with CH [1,10].…”

“…Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the leading cause of intellectual impairment in children, with a reported incidence of 1 in 3000 to 4500 live births worldwide [1,2]. While early diagnosis is successfully achieved through neonatal screening programs, thyroid ultrasonography (US), increasingly used for its lack of exposure to ionizing radiation and portability, is essential in determining the aetiology of the CH [3].…”

“…In permanent CH, the thyroid gland may be small due to hypoplasia or hemiagenesis, absent due to agenesis or ectopia, and normal-sized or enlarged due to dyshormonogenesis [4]. Infants with transient CH due to prematurity, congenital malformations, or iodine deficiency may have a normal-sized or enlarged eutopic thyroid gland [1,4]. Thus, proper diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of infants with CH depend on the presence of relevant references for thyroid volume (TV).…”