Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation for 1 y reduces body fat mass in healthy overweight humans

Abstract

Long-term supplementation with CLA-FFA or CLA-triacylglycerol reduces BFM in healthy overweight adults.

The role of conjugated linoleic acid in reducing body fat and preventing holiday weight gain

“…Of seven studies that have examined the effect of mixed-isomer CLA on body composition among overweight or obese subjects, 7-13 three have found similar results. 9-11 Gaullier et al 11 found fat mass losses of 2.4 and 1.7 kg during 1 year of supplementation with CLA in TG and free-fatty acid forms, respectively. In a 1-year, open-label extension of Gaullier's study 10 with all three groups taking CLA TG, there was a significant decrease in fat mass in the placebo-TG group (À1.7 kg), whereas the remaining two groups maintained their previous losses and showed additional, but non-significant, decreases in fat mass.…”

“…6 Proposed mechanisms have included increased fat mobilization and oxidation, reduced adipocyte proliferation and differentiation, and increased apoptosis in pre-adipocytes. 6 Despite clear evidence that CLA reduces body fat in animals, the effect of CLA supplementation on body composition in humans has been inconsistent: of seven studies that have evaluated body composition change with mixed-isomer CLA among overweight or obese adults, [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] only three have shown a significant reduction in fat mass. [9][10][11] The conflicting results in human versus animal studies have been attributed to factors such as lower doses per unit body weight; the use of young, growing animals versus adult humans; and the limited sensitivity and accuracy of in vivo body composition measures.…”

“…6 Despite clear evidence that CLA reduces body fat in animals, the effect of CLA supplementation on body composition in humans has been inconsistent: of seven studies that have evaluated body composition change with mixed-isomer CLA among overweight or obese adults, [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] only three have shown a significant reduction in fat mass. [9][10][11] The conflicting results in human versus animal studies have been attributed to factors such as lower doses per unit body weight; the use of young, growing animals versus adult humans; and the limited sensitivity and accuracy of in vivo body composition measures. 6 In fact, a commonality among previous human studies has been the assessment of body composition with techniques, such as bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and underwater weighing, that may be less sensitive in detecting change when compared to criterion multicompartment models.…”

“…25 We did not see a change in liver function tests including AST, ALT, ALP and total bilirubin. Of six recent studies including similar measures of liver function, only Gaullier et al 10,11 showed significant within-group increases in AST. [8][9][10][11]13,29 However, this increase in AST was not significantly different from the control group and was not accompanied by changes in ALT or bilirubin.…”

“…Of six recent studies including similar measures of liver function, only Gaullier et al 10,11 showed significant within-group increases in AST. [8][9][10][11]13,29 However, this increase in AST was not significantly different from the control group and was not accompanied by changes in ALT or bilirubin. 10,11 Malpuech et al 29 measured liver size by ultrasound and concluded that CLA had no effect on liver ultrastructure or morphology and no evidence of hepatic lipodystrophy.…”