Conjugated Polymers with Repeated Sequences of Group 16 Heterocycles Synthesized through Catalyst-Transfer Polycondensation

Abstract

Periodic π-conjugated polymers of the group 16 heterocycles (furan, thiophene, and selenophene) were synthesized with controlled chain lengths and relatively low dispersities using catalyst-transfer polycondensation. The optical gap and redox potentials of these copolymers were fine-tuned by altering the heterocycle sequence, and atomic force microscopy revealed nanofibrillar morphologies for all the materials. Grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering of the thiophene-selenophene copolymers indicated that the π-stacking distance increased with incorporation of the larger heteroatom (from ∼3.7-4.0 Å), while the lamellar spacing decreased (from ∼15.8-15.2 Å). The study also revealed that periodic sequences allow electronic properties to be tuned while retaining nanofibrillar morphologies similar to those observed for poly(3-hexylthiophene).

Functional Polymeric Materials Based on Main‐Group Elements

“…[148] Va rious other copolymers have been developed and those based on selenophene have proven particularly efficient in organic solar cells (OSCs) and organic field effect transistor (OFET) devices. [148] Va rious other copolymers have been developed and those based on selenophene have proven particularly efficient in organic solar cells (OSCs) and organic field effect transistor (OFET) devices.…”

Diversifying Cross‐Coupling Strategies, Catalysts and Monomers for the Controlled Synthesis of Conjugated Polymers

“…Both dppp and dppe based catalysts have been used to polymerize a broad range of monomers (Figures and 4). These include phenylenes, thiophenes, pyrroles, furans, selenophenes, tellurophenes, thiazoles, pyridines, fluorenes, thienopyrazines, dithienosiloles, carbazole and rylene diimides . In each of these cases, dramatic differences arise when exploring these different conjugated building blocks.…”

“…Dppp and dppe nickel catalysts have also been used to tailor monomer composition in conjugated backbones, by polymerization of larger dimeric and trimeric monomers . Polymerizing oligomers is of particular interest because the metal must migrate over larger distances in the π‐system to produce chain‐growth.…”

Funktionelle polymere Materialien auf der Basis von Hauptgruppen‐Elementen

“…[148] Verschiedene andere Copolymere wurden entwickelt, und solche auf Selenophen-Basis haben sich in organischen Solarzellen (OSCs) und Feldeffekttransistoren (OFETs) als besonders effizient erwiesen. [148] Verschiedene andere Copolymere wurden entwickelt, und solche auf Selenophen-Basis haben sich in organischen Solarzellen (OSCs) und Feldeffekttransistoren (OFETs) als besonders effizient erwiesen.…”