Conservation of Digestive Enzymes

Rothman, Stephen; Liebow, Charles; Isenman, Lois

doi:10.1152/physrev.00022.2001

Cited by 71 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Therefore, decreases in trypsin expression may be caused by protein breakdown in the intestine by exogenous acid protease, which may result in a decreased dietary stimulus to the gastrointestinal tract neural system and a downregulation of trypsin expression. Rothman et al (2002) pointed out that a large proportion of the digestive enzymes secreted by the pancreas are absorbed into the blood and recycled in the enteropancreatic circulation, which is similar to the enterohepatic circulation. If so, an increased presence of dietary acid protease would elevate levels of circulating proteases, and correspondingly increase protease accumulation in the pancreas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of exogenous protease supplementation on endogenous trypsin activity and gene expression in broilers

Yuan

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Two hundred and forty one-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross-308) were fed corn-soybean basal diets with 0, 40, 80, or 160 mg/ kg of an acid protease preparation from 1 to 42 days of age, in order to investigate the effects of an exogenous enzyme on growth performance, pancreatic trypsin activity and mRNA expression. Average daily gain (ADG) was greatest in the 160-mg/kg treatment group at 1-21 days, which was significantly higher than that in the control. After 42 days, average daily feed intake (ADFI) and ADG had significantly increased in the 80-and 160-mg/kg treatments (P < 0.05), with the 80-mg/kg treatment group having the highest ADFI and ADG values. The feed conversion ratio was not affected. Dietary acid protease at 80 and 160 mg/kg significantly decreased trypsin activity in the pancreas (relative to the control group) by 35.71 and 47.29%, respectively (P < 0.05). After 42 days, trypsin mRNA expression in the pancreas had significantly decreased by 19.5% in the 80-mg/kg treatment group relative to the control (P < 0.05). After 21 and 42 days, the diet supplemented with 160 mg/kg acid protease significantly decreased pancreatic trypsin mRNA by 19.6 and 37.7%, respectively, compared to the control. There were no significant differences between the 40-mg/kg treatment group and the control. Our results suggest that the amount of acid protease in the diet significantly affects trypsin activity and mRNA expression in broilers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of exogenous protease supplementation on endogenous trypsin activity and gene expression in broilers

Yuan

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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“…Although this would seem to be highly unlikely, it has recently been suggested that proteins and polypeptide fragments may indeed be absorbed intact through enterohepatic circulation (62). At the present time, however, this should be considered very speculative, and much more research is needed before the role of soy and/or soy proteins on cholesterol regulation is fully understood.…”

Section: Variations In the Composition Of Soy Protein As A Mechanism mentioning

confidence: 97%

A Critical Evaluation of the Role of Soy Protein and Isoflavone Supplementation in the Control of Plasma Cholesterol Concentrations

Dewell

Hollenbeck

2006

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

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“…There is evidence that indicates the presence of an enteropancreatic circulation of digestive enzymes [169]. Digestive enzymes appear to be preferentially absorbed into the bloodstream and then reaccumulated by the pancreas for use again.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and cancer: A review of the evidence for an anti-cancer diet

Donaldson¹

2004

Nutr J

565

344

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It has been estimated that 30–40 percent of all cancers can be prevented by lifestyle and dietary measures alone. Obesity, nutrient sparse foods such as concentrated sugars and refined flour products that contribute to impaired glucose metabolism (which leads to diabetes), low fiber intake, consumption of red meat, and imbalance of omega 3 and omega 6 fats all contribute to excess cancer risk. Intake of flax seed, especially its lignan fraction, and abundant portions of fruits and vegetables will lower cancer risk. Allium and cruciferous vegetables are especially beneficial, with broccoli sprouts being the densest source of sulforophane. Protective elements in a cancer prevention diet include selenium, folic acid, vitamin B-12, vitamin D, chlorophyll, and antioxidants such as the carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, cryptoxanthin). Ascorbic acid has limited benefits orally, but could be very beneficial intravenously. Supplementary use of oral digestive enzymes and probiotics also has merit as anticancer dietary measures. When a diet is compiled according to the guidelines here it is likely that there would be at least a 60–70 percent decrease in breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers, and even a 40–50 percent decrease in lung cancer, along with similar reductions in cancers at other sites. Such a diet would be conducive to preventing cancer and would favor recovery from cancer as well.

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Conservation of Digestive Enzymes

Cited by 71 publications

References 89 publications

Effects of exogenous protease supplementation on endogenous trypsin activity and gene expression in broilers

Effects of exogenous protease supplementation on endogenous trypsin activity and gene expression in broilers

A Critical Evaluation of the Role of Soy Protein and Isoflavone Supplementation in the Control of Plasma Cholesterol Concentrations

Nutrition and cancer: A review of the evidence for an anti-cancer diet

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