Conservation of Urban Heritage Landscapes: Lessons from Souq AlSaffarin in Baghdad, Iraq

Abstract

For centuries, traditional bazaars, or Souqs have been integral to urban life and the economic landscapes of Arabic-Islamic regions. The tangible and intangible heritage that shapes the identity of a place and contributes to its economy is essential to the functioning of these bazaars. With appropriate spatial configurations, they could foster creative industries, handcrafts, and customs, which can generate new services, create jobs, diversify a city’s economic distribution and promote small businesses. This paper explores Souq alsaffarin, which is also known as the copper market in old Rusafa in Baghdad. It is a heritage urban landscape and has a role in shaping the sense of place in this area. It has been subject to many socio-economic and political events that have influenced the importance and character of its profession, in terms of production and selling. It is a landmark of Baghdad that has maintained its position despite difficulties. The distinctive handicrafts produced and their relationships with people’s social practices highlight their impact on tourism and their role as an economic source for the region. They provide economic permanence that helps to develop the historical core of the city, preserve its historical identity, and promote cultural tourism. However, the market faces a significant problem of declining numbers of shopkeepers and craftsmen, which threatens the continuation of its local small businesses. This research examines this issue. It employs site observations, questionnaires, and interviews with craftsmen and shop owners who still run the market, as a research methodology. SWOT analysis is employed to identify the best solutions to develop the souq and preserve its identity. The paper concludes that the significance of Souq Alsaffarin lies in its deep connection to the rich history and culture, which defines the identity and heritage of the community. Thus, it argues that preservation and conservation are essential. This requires an approach that considers both tangible and intangible aspects of the souq, engaging the local community, and promoting sustainable practices, so that this souq can thrive as a living testament to its rich history and culture.