Consider iron status when making sex comparisons in human physiology

Ryan, Benjamin J.; Charkoudian, Nisha; McClung, James P.

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00582.2021

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…Many iron-related disorders including hereditary hemochromatosis and iron deficiency anemia exhibit marked sexual dimorphism in terms of incidence, age of onset, and severity of disease 47 , 48 . Females are more likely to be anemic compared to males due to physiological blood loss throughout much of adulthood and thus compensatory mechanisms may have evolved due to evolutionary adaptation resulting in sexually dimorphic handling of the downstream effects of anemia, including hypoxic responses 47 . Indeed, studies in animal models examining perinatal hypoxia-induced brain damage have reported that the hypoxia-induced injury was greater in males than in females 49 , 50 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of anemia and iron supplementation among glioblastoma patients reveals sex-biased association between anemia and survival

Shenoy,

Slagle-Webb,

Khunsriraksakul

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The association between anemia and outcomes in glioblastoma patients is unclear. We analyzed data from 1346 histologically confirmed adult glioblastoma patients in the TriNetX Research Network. Median hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were quantified for 6 months following diagnosis and used to classify patients as anemic or non-anemic. Associations of anemia and iron supplementation of anemic patients with median overall survival (median-OS) were then studied. Among 1346 glioblastoma patients, 35.9% of male and 40.5% of female patients were classified as anemic using hemoglobin-based WHO guidelines. Among males, anemia was associated with reduced median-OS compared to matched non-anemic males using hemoglobin (HR 1.24; 95% CI 1.00–1.53) or hematocrit-based cutoffs (HR 1.28; 95% CI 1.03–1.59). Among females, anemia was not associated with median-OS using hemoglobin (HR 1.00; 95% CI 0.78–1.27) or hematocrit-based cutoffs (HR: 1.10; 95% CI 0.85–1.41). Iron supplementation of anemic females trended toward increased median-OS (HR 0.61; 95% CI 0.32–1.19) although failing to reach statistical significance whereas no significant association was found in anemic males (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.41–1.75). Functional transferrin-binding assays confirmed sexually dimorphic binding in resected patient samples indicating underlying differences in iron biology. Anemia among glioblastoma patients exhibits a sex-specific association with survival.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of anemia and iron supplementation among glioblastoma patients reveals sex-biased association between anemia and survival

Shenoy,

Slagle-Webb,

Khunsriraksakul

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Impact on oxidative stress of oral, high-dose, iron supplementation for management of iron deficiency after bariatric surgery, a preliminary study

Babayev,

Klaunig,

Silveyra

et al. 2023

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology

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Sex and gender in sports nutrition research: bridging the gap

Madigan

2024

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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The Olympic Games have grown to be the largest, gender-equal sporting event in the world, and the International Olympic Committee is committed to gender equality in sports encouraging and supporting the promotion of women in sports at all levels and in all structures with a view to implementing the principle of equality of men and women (IOC, 2023). Women competed for the first time at the 1900 Olympic Games in Paris, and the number of women competing has grown exponentially over the last 100 years, so an estimated 5494 female athletes (48 %) competed in the Summer Olympic Games 2021 in Tokyo. Supporting women (alongside men) in achieving optimum performance is crucial, and understanding that there are sex and gender gaps in sports nutrition research is important. One reason for this gap is the historical bias in sports and exercise science research towards male participants. This has led to a poor understanding of the unique physiological and nutritional needs of female athletes. In summary, a balanced approach is crucial to address the nutritional needs of both male and female athletes. Researchers should continue exploring this important area to optimise performance and health for all athletes. The aim of this review is to summarise current sports nutrition literature and highlight research that seeks to understand and address where the gaps are with respect to several key areas in sports nutrition recommendations that can impact advice and practice with both males and females.

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Consider iron status when making sex comparisons in human physiology

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Analysis of anemia and iron supplementation among glioblastoma patients reveals sex-biased association between anemia and survival

Analysis of anemia and iron supplementation among glioblastoma patients reveals sex-biased association between anemia and survival

Impact on oxidative stress of oral, high-dose, iron supplementation for management of iron deficiency after bariatric surgery, a preliminary study

Sex and gender in sports nutrition research: bridging the gap

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