Constant Phase Element (Cpe) Modeling and Analysis of Multi-Material, Micro-Bullet Shaped, High-Throughput 3d Microelectrodes for in-Vitro Electrophysiological Applications

Abstract

This paper reports for the first time, modeling, and analysis of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) from micro-bullet shaped 3D microelectrodes fabricated in high-throughput array (HT) formats with three different materials [Gold, Biocompatible-Silver Paste and Microelectronic-Silver Paste] in electrode-electrolyte interface. The modeling was based on the Randles' Electrochemical Equivalent Circuit (EEC) with a Constant Phase Element (CPE) driving element and impedance data collected from HT-3D Microelectrode Arrays (MEAs) was fitted. CPE was determined as an excellent adaptative element for electrical representation in MEA models due to low error per element during fitting process into EEC, and exceptional matching observed between modeling and experiments opening new avenues into the understanding of electrochemical interaction of 3D microelectrodes.