Constipation in infants and children.

Bentley, J.F.R.

doi:10.1136/gut.12.1.85

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Several publications of placebo-controlled studies in adults have demonstrated a favourable effect of cisapride on constipation [39,64], which is also a frequent and distressing chronic complaint in childhood [4]. Slowing of intestinal transit occurs most frequently at the level of distal colon and rectum in these children [11].…”

Section: Doparnine Receptors and Prokinetic Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational pharmacotherapy of gastrointestinal motility disorders

1989

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Nervous control of gastrointestinal motility is extremely complex, is regulated by the enteric system, the "brain of the gut", and modulated by extrinsic nerves. This system with its multiplicity of transmitters and receptors does not always allow a clear interpretation of experimental data, especially with compounds lacking specificity. In this review the complex situation is described particularly in relation to receptor populations (cholinergic, adrenergic, dopamine, histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, opioid, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), prostanoid and dihydropyridine receptors), therapeutic aspects of drugs and their usefulness in children. Newer principles with known drugs and promising new compounds with a more appropriate kinetic or fewer side-effects, deriving from distinct pharmacological groups, as candidates for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders are considered e.g. anticholinergics (prifinium or actilonium bromide), adrenergic alpha 2-agonists (clonidine, lidamidine) for diarrhoea in diabetic neuropathy, adrenergic beta-blockers for shortening postoperative ileus (propranolol), dopamine receptor antagonists (metoclopramide, domperidone, alizapride) and another prokinetic substance (cisapride) which may be useful for a number of applications as gastro-oesophageal reflux, gastro-paresis, intestinal pseudo-obstruction, cystic fibrosis and constipation, morphine derivatives (e.g. loperamide) for intractable diarrhoea and calcium antagonists (e.g. nifedipine) for achalasia. Increasing experience in digestive tract pharmacology and reliable clinical studies will furthermore be the basis for a more specific and better tolerated therapy of gastrointestinal motility disorders in adults and children.

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Section: Doparnine Receptors and Prokinetic Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational pharmacotherapy of gastrointestinal motility disorders

1989

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“…The sensation in the rectum that constitutes a normal call for defecation is also due to distension, and is caused by sudden entry of feces into the rectum (3). Chronic constipation, a common condition in childhood, is often accompanied or followed by acquired megarectum and soiling (5)(6)(7)(8). Children with chronic constipation often complain that they do not sense the urge to defecate.…”

Section: Division Of Ambulatory and Community Pediatrics Department O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of the Sigmoid Colon and Rectum in Children Treated for Chronic Constipation

Loening‐Baucke

1984

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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SummarySensations in the sigmoid and rectum and the response of the anal canal to balloon distension were measured with a latex balloon and pressure transducer in 15 chronically constipated and 15 healthy control children. The constipated children received milk of magnesia and bowel training. Thirteen constipated children were restudied 7–12 months later and 11 were restudied 3 years later. Although thresholds of transient sensation and of the rectosphincteric reflex were not different in constipated and control children, the threshold of fullness, the critical volume, and the volume for constant relaxation were significantly higher in constipated than in control children (p < 0.05), and remained higher 1 year and 3 years later, even in the children who recovered. The initial data support the concept of a sigmoid and rectum so enlarged that a normal fecal bolus may not cause a sensation of fullness or a sensory stimulus for defecation. Despite improvement in clinical manifestations and normal rectal size, the abnormalities in sensitivity of the sigmoid and rectum persisted in five of eight recovered children. This may explain why these children are so vulnerable to recurrence of constipation and fecal soiling.

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“…Η εγκόπριση είναι 3 φορές συχνότερη στα αγόρια συγκριτικά με τα κορίτσια (62) . Η συχνότητα της χρόνιας δυσκοιλιότητας στα παιδιά σε διάφορες μελέτες μη αντιπροσωπευτικών δειγμάτων κυμαίνεται ano 3.2% εως 8.7% (154) , στους ενήλικες από 2% 1154) εως 6% (150) (67,94,ΐ6ΐ) η α χόμη και χρόνια νεφρική ανεπάρκεια ως αποτέλεσμα της στάσης των ούρων και των ουρολοιμώξεων (94) .…”

Section: • 153unclassified

Συσχετιση Δυσκοιλιοτητας Και Διατροφης Σε Παιδικο Πληθυσμο Της Χωρας

Αδαμιδησ¹

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Συνοικιακούς Συμβούλους των περιοχών που διεξήχθη η έρευνα, για την πολύτιμη βοήθεια τους στη συλλογή του υλικού και ιδιαίτερα τους Θανάση Αεβέντη, Νίκο Παξιμαδά, Φωτεινή Σακελλαρίδου-Καμπυλαυκά, Ευαγγελία Φαρμάκη, Σμαρώ Φακριάδου, Ελένη Παναγή. Τους Εκπαιδευτικούς των Σχολείων και Παιδικών σταδμών και τουςΣυλλόγους Γονέων και Κηδεμόνων για τη Βοήθεια τους στη συλλογή του υλικού και ιδιαίτερα τις διευθύνσεις των σχολών Χιλλ και Ζηρίδη. 6. Τους εξής συναδέλφους γιατρούς, οδοντιάτρους, βιολόγους και φοιτητές (κατά το διάστημα της διεξαγωγής της έρευνας), για τη συμμετοχή τους στη συλλογή του υλικού, την κωδικοποίηση και καταχώρηση των στοιχείων: Μαρία Γιαννιού,

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Constipation in infants and children.

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Rational pharmacotherapy of gastrointestinal motility disorders

Rational pharmacotherapy of gastrointestinal motility disorders

Sensitivity of the Sigmoid Colon and Rectum in Children Treated for Chronic Constipation

Συσχετιση Δυσκοιλιοτητας Και Διατροφης Σε Παιδικο Πληθυσμο Της Χωρας

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