Constitutionalising Secondary Rules in Global Environmental Regimes: Non-Compliance Procedures and the Enforcement of Multilateral Environmental Agreements

Salzmann, Antonio Cardesa

doi:10.1093/jel/eqr022

Cited by 34 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Zamiast tego zostaną poniżej wskazane syntetycznie jedynie takie cechy reżimu zmian klimatu -oraz szerzej międzynarodowego prawa środowiska -które będą rzutować na charakter sporów prawnych na tle zmian klimatu. Po pierwsze, reżim prawa zmian klimatu, będąc wrośnięty w międzynarodowe prawo środowiska, niejako "dziedziczy" trapiące je problemy, nawet jeśli uznać, że pod pewnymi względami przejawia interesujące odrębności 14 . Tak jak międzynarodowe prawo środowiska z pewnością nie jest samowystarczalnym porządkiem prawnym (self-contained regime), tak też nie jest nim reżim zmian klimatu oparty na UFCCC 15 .…”

Section: Cechy Prawnomiędzynarodowego Reżimu Zmian Klimatuunclassified

“…Wobec dekoncentracji relewantnych norm prawa międzynarodowego -faktu ich ulokowania w szeregu umów -wydaje się, że terminu "reżim 13 Szerzej zob. K. Marciniak, Zmiany… [w:] Wspólne…, s. 116 i n. 14 Za cechy specyficzne można uznać odchodzenie od typowego dla prawa środowiska różnicowania zobowiązań państw w zależności od stopnia ich rozwoju i liberalizację rozumienia pojęcia "konsensusu" koniecznego do podejmowania decyzji przez konferencję stron -zob. D. French, L. Rajamani, Climate Change…, s. 439-440 i 449.…”

Section: Cechy Prawnomiędzynarodowego Reżimu Zmian Klimatuunclassified

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Wyzwania w zakresie adjudykacyjnego rozstrzygania sporów międzynarodowych dotyczących zmian klimatu – w kierunku zacierania się granic prawa publicznego i prywatnego?

Czech¹

2021

PwD

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The article discusses the issue of insufficient use of judicial methods to resolve international disputes concerning climate change (between states and other entities). It analyses the numerous shortcomings of these methods, which hinder comprehensive resolution of such disputes. The solution to the problems identified in the paper may be to consolidate different types of parallel litigations concerning the same facts into one multilateral arbitration dispute with mixed (private- and public-law) characteristics.

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Section: Cechy Prawnomiędzynarodowego Reżimu Zmian Klimatuunclassified

Wyzwania w zakresie adjudykacyjnego rozstrzygania sporów międzynarodowych dotyczących zmian klimatu – w kierunku zacierania się granic prawa publicznego i prywatnego?

Czech¹

2021

PwD

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“…To say IEL is a system assumes that there are meaningful relationships among its components. Given this, one factor that confers on IEL the status of a system is the secondary rules of international law that defines the relationships among myriad norms and institutions (Bodansky 2006;Cardesa-Salzmann 2012). The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969 provides some fundamental international norms, such as lex specialis and lex posterior, for resolving treaty conflicts (Borgen 2005;Borgen 2012).…”

Section: Interconnections-a System Consists Of Interacting Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

International environmental law as a complex adaptive system

Kim

Mackey

2013

Int Environ Agreements

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Complex adaptive systems are a special kind of self-organizing system with emergent properties and adaptive capacity in response to changing external conditions. In this article, we investigate the proposition that international environmental law, as a network of treaties and institutions, exhibits some key characteristics of a complex adaptive system. This proposition is premised on the scientific understanding that the Earth system displays properties of a complex adaptive system. If so, international environmental law, as a control system, may benefit from the insights gained and from being modelled in ways more appropriately aligned with the functioning of the Earth system itself. In this exploratory review, we found evidence suggesting that international environmental law is a complex system where treaties and institutions self-organize and exhibit emergent properties. Furthermore, we contend that international environmental law as a whole is adapting to exogenous changes through an institutional process akin to natural selection in biological evolution. However, the adequacy of the direction and rate of adaptation for the purpose of safeguarding the integrity of Earth's life-support system is questioned. This paper concludes with an emphasis on the need for system-level interventions to steer the direction of self-organization while maintaining institutional diversity. This recommendation stands in contrast to the reductionist approach to institutional fragmentation and aims at embracing the existing complexity in international environmental law.

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“…IEA design, on its part, has been deemed as an explanatory variable for regime effectiveness -especially provisions relating to implementation review mechanisms (IRMs), reporting and verification procedures, and non-compliance procedures [e.g. 3, 5, [94][95][96][97][98].…”

Section: The Effectiveness Webmentioning

confidence: 99%

International Environmental Agreements (IEAs): An Integrated Perspective on the Concept of Effectiveness

Seelarbokus¹

2014

IJEPP

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The effectiveness of international environmental agreements (IEAs) has been conceptualized in various ways in the literature, and several assessment methodologies have been postulated. There has not been any attempt at integrating the various perspectives, nor of determining the fit between the assessment methodology and the goals of the IEAs or of the IEA institutions. This article reviews the various effectiveness conceptualizations, and proposes the 'effectiveness web' as an integrative framework for understanding the interrelationships that exist among the various determinants and potential indicators of IEA effectiveness. This article argues for an evolutionary and dynamic conceptualization of IEA effectiveness, as well as a multi-track assessment of effectiveness, which is more in line with the activities of the IEA institutions. This article identifies potential indicators for various stages of the life-cycle of an IEA, and using the premise of global environmental sustainability as guiding framework, provides a hierarchy of effectiveness assessment methodologies.

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Constitutionalising Secondary Rules in Global Environmental Regimes: Non-Compliance Procedures and the Enforcement of Multilateral Environmental Agreements

Cited by 34 publications

References 12 publications

Wyzwania w zakresie adjudykacyjnego rozstrzygania sporów międzynarodowych dotyczących zmian klimatu – w kierunku zacierania się granic prawa publicznego i prywatnego?

Wyzwania w zakresie adjudykacyjnego rozstrzygania sporów międzynarodowych dotyczących zmian klimatu – w kierunku zacierania się granic prawa publicznego i prywatnego?

International environmental law as a complex adaptive system

International Environmental Agreements (IEAs): An Integrated Perspective on the Concept of Effectiveness

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