Constitutive mass balance relations between chemical composition, volume, density, porosity, and strain in metasomatic hydrochemical systems: Results on weathering and pedogenesis

Brimhall, George H.; Dietrich, W. E.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(87)90070-6

Cited by 760 publications

(432 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Supergene copper enrichment (SCE) involves hydrochemical differentiation by near-surface weathering processes in which water transports metals from a source region or leached zone (Brimhall et al, 1985;Brimhall and Dietrich, 1987;Ague and Brimhall, 1989) to an enrichment blanket zone where they are reprecipitated as secondary ore compounds conserving mass (Figure 8.6.1). The schematic system shown in Figure 8.6.1 captures, in a simplified manner, conditions of desertification in Northern…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chile that led to oxidation and chemical enrichment of copper deposits at certain times in the past (of order 15 Ma) when a decline of the ground water table exposed sulfides to unsaturated conditions (Brimhall et al, 1985;Brimhall and Dietrich, 1987;Alpers and Brimhall, 1989;Ague and Brimhall, 1989). A schematic representation of a supergene copper enrichment system according to Ague and Brimhall (1989).…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

TOUGHREACT User's Guide: A Simulation Program for Non-isothermal Multiphase Reactive Geochemical Transport in Variably Saturated Geologic Media, V1.2.1

Xu¹,

Sonnenthal²,

Spycher³

et al. 2008

197

359

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Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

TOUGHREACT User's Guide: A Simulation Program for Non-isothermal Multiphase Reactive Geochemical Transport in Variably Saturated Geologic Media, V1.2.1

Xu¹,

Sonnenthal²,

Spycher³

et al. 2008

197

359

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“…However, the mass fraction of the immobile element (e.g., g Ti g -1 saprolite) in the weathered material will differ from that in the parent if weathering processes have resulted in a change in density. By comparing the mass fractions of mobile elements that of an immobile element the mass transfer (loss or gain of an element relative to the parent rock composition) can be documented (e.g., Brimhall and Dietrich, 1987;Anderson et al, 2002).…”

Section: Mass Transfer Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weathering of the Rio Blanco quartz diorite, Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico: Coupling oxidation, dissolution, and fracturing

Buss

Sak

Webb

et al. 2008

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

210

146

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“…Long-term weathering rates of soils were derived using immobile element contents [56][57][58]. Ti was used as an immobile element.…”

Section: Soils and Weathering Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combination of Relative-Numerical Dating Methods Indicates Two High Alpine Rock Glacier Activity Phases After the Glacier Advance of the Younger Dryas

Böhlert

Compeer

Egli

et al. 2011

TOGEOGJ

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To exploit the potential of rock glaciers as indicators of past climate condition it is first necessary to date them. The combined application of both relative and absolute dating techniques is a promising approach. In this study, we present Schmidt-hammer rebound value measurements and weathering rind thicknesses on four active and one relict rock glacier in the Albula area of the eastern Swiss Alps. Associated landforms such as the moraines in front of rock glaciers and glacially polished bedrock also were used to set up the temporal framework. This was done using soil chemical analyses, radiocarbon dating of the stable fraction of soil organic matter and surface exposure dating of boulders. Schmidt-hammer and weathering rind measurements showed, in most cases, well-pronounced trends with increasing surface ages. These values are in line with measurements from other nearby rock glaciers with comparable lithologies. Use of this information together with the numeric ages makes it possible to derive two main activity phases: one started soon after the ice retreat following the Younger Dryas, the main activity occurred most likely in the early Holocene and lasted approximately until the Holocene climate optimum. The second activity phase continues today and had an unclear start between 10 to 6 cal ky BP. Abstract: To exploit the potential of rock glaciers as indicators of past climate condition it is first necessary to date them. The combined application of both relative and absolute dating techniques is a promising approach. In this study, we present Schmidt-hammer rebound value measurements and weathering rind thicknesses on four active and one relict rock glacier in the Albula area of the eastern Swiss Alps. Associated landforms such as the moraines in front of rock glaciers and glacially polished bedrock also were used to set up the temporal framework. This was done using soil chemical analyses, radiocarbon dating of the stable fraction of soil organic matter and surface exposure dating of boulders. Schmidt-hammer and weathering rind measurements showed, in most cases, well-pronounced trends with increasing surface ages. These values are in line with measurements from other nearby rock glaciers with comparable lithologies. Use of this information together with the numeric ages makes it possible to derive two main activity phases: one started soon after the ice retreat following the Younger Dryas, the main activity occurred most likely in the early Holocene and lasted approximately until the Holocene climate optimum. The second activity phase continues today and had an unclear start between 10 to 6 cal ky BP.

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Constitutive mass balance relations between chemical composition, volume, density, porosity, and strain in metasomatic hydrochemical systems: Results on weathering and pedogenesis

Cited by 760 publications

References 7 publications

TOUGHREACT User's Guide: A Simulation Program for Non-isothermal Multiphase Reactive Geochemical Transport in Variably Saturated Geologic Media, V1.2.1

TOUGHREACT User's Guide: A Simulation Program for Non-isothermal Multiphase Reactive Geochemical Transport in Variably Saturated Geologic Media, V1.2.1

Weathering of the Rio Blanco quartz diorite, Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico: Coupling oxidation, dissolution, and fracturing

A Combination of Relative-Numerical Dating Methods Indicates Two High Alpine Rock Glacier Activity Phases After the Glacier Advance of the Younger Dryas

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