Constructal approach to bio-engineering: the ocular anterior chamber temperature

Abstract

The aim of this work was to analyse the pressure inside the eyes anterior chamber, namedintraocular pressure (IOP), in relation to the biomechanical properties of corneas. The approach used was based on the constructal law, recently introduced in vision analysis. Results were expressed as the relation between the temperature of the ocular anterior chamber and the biomechanical properties of the cornea. The IOP, the elastic properties of the cornea, and the related refractive properties of the eye were demonstrated to be dependent on the temperature of the ocular anterior chamber. These results could lead to new perspectives for experimental analysis of the IOP in relation to the properties of the cornea.

Constructal design of an arterial bypass graft

“…31 The applications of constructal design cover many engineering fields such as heat and mass transfer, renewable energy, manufacture, and materials. [31][32][33] Until now, the few applications of constructal theory in medicine were within the field of cancer treatments, as studied by Wang et al 34 and Lucia and Grisolia, 35 and vision, in two papers by Lucia et al 36,37 Based on the constructal design method, this study seeks to investigate the effect of geometric parameters on the flow through a bypass graft circumventing an idealized, partially stenosed coronary artery. To this end, a CFD model and design of experiments and response surface methodologies were used to evaluate the effect of geometric parameters on pressure drop in different flow conditions.…”

Constructal law analysis of Cl− transport in eyes aqueous humor

“…The theoretical difficulties related to this topic suggest us to change the viewpoint and introduce a thermodynamic approach related to the fluxes analysis, the Constructal law 6 – 17 . To do so, we consider that cells are adaptive biochemical engines, able to convert energy from one form to another by coupling metabolic and chemical reactions with transport processes; cells irreversibly consume free energy to maintain thermal and chemical processes and to sustain the transport of matter, energy and ions.…”

Solar Ultraviolet Exposure and Absorbed Irradiance of the Cornea and Anterior Chamber/Lens: A Monitoring Model Using Porcine Eyes in a Manikin

“…Immediately after grouping, the eyeballs were placed in a Petri dish containing phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with 8% gentamicin and stored at 4 • C. Experiments were carried out within 18 hours after eye removal. Before each experiment, the middle-rear aspect of the eyeball was dissected from the cornea and the anterior chamber/lens (it is not easy to separate the lens from the anterior chamber, and in this study, the two regions were maintained as one [32], [33]); afterwards, the cornea and the anterior chamber/lens were fixed into a hollow circular gasket (shown in Supplementary Material D).…”