Construction of Plasmonic Nano‐Biosensor‐Based Devices for Point‐of‐Care Testing

Abstract

rapid detection technique for the future of home healthcare, mobile healthcare, and public health security. [4] At present, POCTs mainly use conventional lateral flow assays (LFAs) and electrochemical biosensors (such as blood glucose meter) for biosensing. [4,5] To promote the wider application of POCT, new sensing components are expected to appear. Plasmonic nano-biosensor, which stems from the interaction of light and metal nanostructures, is an advancing and promising optical sensor for ultrasensitive, ultrahighspatial-resolution and label-free biodetection. Plasmonic biosensors are mainly divided into propagating surface plasmon resonance (PSPR) and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensors. PSPR arises from the interaction between incident light and a planar metal surface; LSPR confines light to metal nanostructures that are smaller than the wavelength of light, thereby enabling the measurement of the dielectric changes near the metallic surface. [6] Compared with commercially available PSPR sensors, LSPR sensors are simple, cost effective, easy to integrate into miniaturized devices, and suitable for measuring changes in local refractive index (RI) caused by the adsorption of target molecules. [4] Since RI is related to the dielectric property of the environment near the metal nanostructures, LSPR sensors can realize RI biosensing in a convenient way. LSPR nano-biosensors are expected to be easily integrated into miniaturized devices for POCT. Due to the high sensitivity of LSPR biosensor and its possibility to achieve full automation, as therefore to attain time-saving and avoid human error, the integration of LSPR biosensors into portable devices will promote the wider applications of POCT for enhanced healthcare (e.g., on-site diagnosis, personalized medicine, wearable devices, etc.), higher public security (e.g., antiterrorism), environmental monitoring, and food safety. [7][8][9] The evolving of LSPR biosensing into POCT mainly involves four core requirements (Figure 1): i) sensing nanosubstrates with high RI sensitivity; ii) detection strategies to realize specific detection; iii) integrated microfluidic chips for sample pretreatment and multiplex analysis, and iv) portable POCT devices to perform automated and easy-to-use biodetections. Through the advances on plasmonics and nanofabrication in the last few years, highly sensitive as well as large-area producible nanosubstrates for LSPR biosensing have been developed. [10][11][12] In the meanwhile, high specificity and strong anti-interference Next-generation healthcare equipment and devices are in great demand for point-of-care testing (POCT), in view of their applications in rapid disease diagnosis, personalized medicine, portable or mobile health care, nontechnician assays, etc. Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensors, which are based on noble-metal nanostructures and which provide fast, realtime, nonlabeled, and sensitive biochemical detections, have become one of the leading candidates for POCT. The advances in nanofabr...

Biossensores Plasmônicos Baseados Em Espalhamento Raman Intensificado Por Superfície Utilizando Nanobastões De Ouroǁ

“…A sensibilidade à variação do índice de refração fez com que os sensores baseados em LSPR sejam intensamente estudados nos dias atuais. 15,22 Adicionalmente, quando em ressonância, ocorre uma expressiva intensificação do campo eletromagnético local, próximo à superfície das nanopartículas plasmônicas, 23 a qual permite a observação de fenômenos espectroscópicos intensificadas por superfície, ou SES (do inglês, surface enhanced spectroscopy), como o espalhamento Raman intensificado por superfície, SERS (do inglês, surface enhanced Raman scaterring) e a fluorescência intensificada por superfície, SEF (do inglês, surface enhanced fluorescence). 24 O efeito SERS foi reportado pela primeira vez em 1974 por Fleischmann e colaboradores, 25 que obtiveram o espectro Raman com alta relação sinal/ruído da piridina adsorvida em eletrodos de prata.…”

Microfluidic Point-of-Care Devices: New Trends and Future Prospects for eHealth Diagnostics

“…In particular, such precise manipulation of molecular interactions allows for miniaturization and rapid processing of samples, with experimental techniques in lab-on-a-chip analytical platforms [6,7]. These point-of-care (PoC) devices are applied to detect analytes of biological interest [8][9][10] and may provide rapid diagnostics even in remote regions (near a patient) with limited-resource or non-existing healthcare settings [11][12][13][14]. This can be made possible with synergistic integration of PoC devices with mobile communications, e.g.…”

“…It is worth mentioning the many review papers discussing microfluidic devices for various topics, e.g. fabrication techniques and their integration with other technologies for biosensing, PoC diagnosis, and drug discovery and delivery [11][12][13][14]. The physics behind fluid dynamics involved in microfluidics has also been discussed in some of these previous reviews.…”

Electrochemical characteristics of a hyperthermophilic enzyme in microdroplets stirred and heated by surface acoustic waves

“…In recent years, with growing interest in health, food safety, environmental problems, etc., there is a need for a sensor that can easily measure pollutants and contaminants on the spot . For example, in the field of medicine, point‐of‐care testing (POCT), which can be performed by patients themselves, has gained popularity …”

“…1 For example, in the field of medicine, point-of-care testing (POCT), which can be performed by patients themselves, has gained popularity. [2][3][4][5] Furthermore, to develop a practical analysis system, micro total analysis system (μTAS), which is a detection technology that uses a microchannel manufactured by microfabrication technology, has gained attention. 6 The μTAS is portable because of its miniature size, and it requires only a small amount of sample for detection.…”