Consumer behavior and exposure to parabens, bisphenols, triclosan, dichlorophenols, and benzophenone-3: Results from a crowdsourced biomonitoring study

Dodson, Robin E.; Boronow, Katherine E.; Susmann, Herbert; Udesky, Julia O.; Rodgers, Kathryn M.; Weller, David M.; Woudneh, Million B.; Brody, Julia Green; Rudel, Ruthann A.

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113624

Cited by 40 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…7 It is also a degradation product of triclosan, which is one of the most prevalent chlorinated phenolic pollutants in aquatic environments. 8 As illustrated in this paper, the work-up of TCD is often challenging and it is likely underdiagnosed, leading to an underestimation of its prevalence. 1 Guidelines highlight the need to perform patch tests with both baseline and textile series when TCD is suspected, but this evidently has its limitations, such as the limited number of allergens present in commercialized patch test series, and the need to verify whether a substance to which one observes a positive patch test is effectively present in the fabric, or not.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Bikini textile contact dermatitis: A Sherlockian approach revealing 2,4‐dichlorophenol as a potential textile contact allergen

et al. 2021

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Background: Different textile constituents may act as allergens and/or irritants and provoke textile contact dermatitis (TCD).Objectives: To report a case of TCD caused by ethylene glycol monododecyl ether and 2.4-dichlorophenol present in a bikini.Methods: A woman presented with an eczematous, pruritic rash in the area of the straps and back. Patch testing was performed with the (extended) European baseline, textile, sunscreen and photo-patch series, the bikini "as is", and ethanol and acetone extracts of the bikini. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) of the extracts and gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis were used to elucidate the culprit(s).Result: Positive reactions were found to the bikini "as is", and to the ethanol and acetone extracts. Patch testing with TLC strips showed a strong reaction to particular fractions (3 and 4). GC-MS was performed to identify substances in each fraction, and those suspected to be skin sensitizers were patch tested. On day 4 positive reactions to ethylene glycol monododecyl ether (IR) and 2.4-dichlorophenol (++) were observed. Conclusion:A myriad of chemical compounds can be found in clothing. Ethylene glycol monododecyl ether and 2.4-dichlorophenol were identified as the potential culprits of this bikini TCD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The general population can be exposed to it through contact with contaminated water or via products directly containing it 15 . It is also a degradation product of triclosan, which is one of the most prevalent chlorinated phenolic pollutants in aquatic environments 16 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bikini textile contact dermatitis: A Sherlockian approach revealing 2,4‐dichlorophenol as a potential textile contact allergen

et al. 2021

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“…BP-3 is used as a UV-filter not only in cosmetic sun-care products, but also in other consumer products such as washing and cleaning products, anti-freeze products, biocides (e.g., disinfectants, pest control products), and printing inks in food contact materials [7]. Intervention studies have shown that by avoiding the use of cosmetic products containing BP-3, internal exposure can be significantly reduced, which indicates that cosmetics are an important source of exposure to BP-3 [29,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Human Biomonitoring Data to Support Risk Assessment of Cosmetic Ingredients—A Case Study of Benzophenone-3

Rousselle¹,

Meslin

Berman

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Safety assessment of UV filters for human health by the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) is based on the estimation of internal dose following external (skin) application of cosmetic products, and comparison with a toxicological reference value after conversion to internal dose. Data from human biomonitoring (HBM) could be very useful in this regard, because it is based on the measurement of real-life internal exposure of the human population to a chemical. UV filters were included in the priority list of compounds to be addressed under the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU), and risk assessment of benzophenone-3 (BP-3) was carried out based on HBM data. Using BP-3 as an example, this study investigated the benefits and limitations of the use of external versus internal exposure data to explore the usefulness of HBM to support the risk assessment of cosmetic ingredients. The results show that both approaches did indicate a risk to human health under certain levels of exposure. They also highlight the need for more robust exposure data on BP-3 and other cosmetic ingredients, and a standardized framework for incorporating HBM data in the risk assessment of cosmetic products.

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“…Both serum and urine samples were stored in aliquots at −80 • C prior to analysis. The measurement of the BBP metabolite mBzP in urine was conducted at NSF International in Michigan [81]. Serum POFA levels were measured by Dr. Stapleton's lab at Duke University using a solid-phase extraction combined liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method [82].…”

Section: Quantitative Rt-pcr (Qrt-pcr) Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pubertal Exposure to Butyl Benzyl Phthalate, Perfluorooctanoic Acid, and Zeranol on Mammary Gland Development and Tumorigenesis in Rats

Santucci-Pereira

Dang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs)—including butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and zeranol (α-ZAL, referred to as ZAL hereafter)—can interfere with the endocrine system and produce adverse effects. It remains unclear whether pubertal exposure to low doses of BBP, PFOA, and ZAL has an impact on breast development and tumorigenesis. We exposed female Sprague Dawley rats to BBP, PFOA, or ZAL through gavage for 21 days, starting on day 21, and analyzed their endocrine organs, serum hormones, mammary glands, and transcriptomic profiles of the mammary glands at days 50 and 100. We also conducted a tumorigenesis study for rats treated with PFOA and ZAL using a 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) model. Our results demonstrated that pubertal exposure to BBP, PFOA, and ZAL affected endocrine organs and serum hormones, and induced phenotypic and transcriptomic changes. The exposure to PFOA + ZAL induced the most phenotypic and transcriptomic changes in the mammary gland. PFOA + ZAL downregulated the expression of genes related to development at day 50, whereas it upregulated genes associated with tumorigenesis at day 100. PFOA + ZAL exposure also decreased rat mammary tumor latency, reduced the overall survival of rats after DMBA challenge, and affected the histopathology of mammary tumors. Therefore, our study suggests that exposure to low doses of EDCs during the pubertal period could induce changes in the endocrine system and mammary gland development in rats. The inhibition of mammary gland development by PFOA + ZAL might increase the risk of developing mammary tumors through activation of signaling pathways associated with tumorigenesis.

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Consumer behavior and exposure to parabens, bisphenols, triclosan, dichlorophenols, and benzophenone-3: Results from a crowdsourced biomonitoring study

Cited by 40 publications

References 46 publications

Bikini textile contact dermatitis: A Sherlockian approach revealing 2,4‐dichlorophenol as a potential textile contact allergen

Bikini textile contact dermatitis: A Sherlockian approach revealing 2,4‐dichlorophenol as a potential textile contact allergen

Using Human Biomonitoring Data to Support Risk Assessment of Cosmetic Ingredients—A Case Study of Benzophenone-3

Effects of Pubertal Exposure to Butyl Benzyl Phthalate, Perfluorooctanoic Acid, and Zeranol on Mammary Gland Development and Tumorigenesis in Rats

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