Consumo de antibacterianos en tres hospitales de Santiago de Cuba en el período 2019-2020

Abstract

Context: Infections by multiresistant bacteria increase the risk of therapeutic failure, increasing hospital stay, costs and mortality. This determines the use of more expensive antibacterials with a broader spectrum, which leads to a high consumption at the hospital level, which increases bacterial resistance. Aims: To characterize the consumption of antibacterials in three hospitals in Santiago de Cuba. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study of consumption was carried out. The consumed units, anatomical, therapeutic, and chemical classification, route of administration and price were analyzed for each antimicrobial. The defined daily dose (DDD)/100 beds/day and the cost of antibacterials for systemic use were determined. Descriptive statistics were used. Results: The most used antibacterial in both years (2019 and 2020) was ceftriaxone (12.6% and 26.9%). The most used group was J01D (39.5% and 44.8%), mainly parenteral via. In 2019 they presented higher DDD/100 beds/day: gentamicin (38.74 in the General Hospital and 20.20 in the Maternal Hospital) and ciprofloxacin (31.51 in the General Hospital and 15.00 in the Oncology Hospital); and in 2020 it was cefazolin (41.42 in General Hospital), ciprofloxacin (17.73 in Oncology) and gentamicin (26.99 in Maternal). The highest total costs were for ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone. Conclusions: The increase in consumption evidenced the need to update therapeutic policies and validation of prescriptions for this group of drugs.

Problemas relacionados con los medicamentos en pacientes de Santiago de Cuba hospitalizados

“…La mayor prescripción de los antibacterianos sistémicos (J01) está relacionada con el predominio de las infecciones respiratorias, estudios realizados en Cuba plantean que generalmente los pacientes ingresados reciben tratamiento con uno o más antimicrobianos, las cefalosporinas han sido las más consumidas, dentro de estas la ceftriaxona, seguida de cefazolina y ceftazidima (18,19) .…”