Contact lens-associated microbial keratitis

Moriyama, Aline Silveira; Hofling-Lima, Ana Luísa

doi:10.1590/s0004-27492008000700007

Cited by 36 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…One out of 239 cases was found to be resistant to gentamicin. Resistance to fourth generation fluoroquinolones was not observed [34]. In a recent study in South India, Pseudomonas isolates were found to be the second most common resistant bacterial isolate with resistance in bacterial Keratitis after Streptococcus pneumonia.…”

Section: Management Of P Aeruginosa Keratitismentioning

confidence: 96%

Management of Psuedomonas Keratitis: a review article

Alsaad¹

2017

int. arab. j antimicrob. agents

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Bacterial keratitis can lead to severe vision loss and corneal scarring, and possibly perforation. Early and appropriate management is a key factor in decreasing and preventing complication.Pubmed and Medline were searched for articles related to Pseudomonas keratitis between year 2000 and 2017 to get current guidelines about the management of Pseudomonas keratitis. These articles are reviewed in this article and information related to management is summarized.The most used agents to treat Pseudomonas are either aminoglycosides (usually gentamicin) fortified with a cephalosporin or mono therapy with a fluoroquinolones usually ciprofloxacin. In most areas, most strains of Pseudomonas were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. The role of topical steroids is discussed, as well as, available options for treatment of multidrug resistant Pseudomonas species.

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Section: Management Of P Aeruginosa Keratitismentioning

confidence: 96%

Management of Psuedomonas Keratitis: a review article

Alsaad¹

2017

int. arab. j antimicrob. agents

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“…are the second most-important microbial agent after bacteria in causing microbial keratitis [2] . Recently, a report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) declared that the incidence of AK has augmented in several states in the United States of America and poor contact lens hygiene is considered the main risk factor of AK [3] .…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Acanthamoeba Membrane Protein That is Recognized by TLR4 on Corneal Epithelial Cells

Tripathi

Abdi

Alizadeh

2015

Receptor Clin Invest

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We have shown that Acanthamoeba spp. activate TLR4 on corneal epithelial cells and induce secretion of chemokines. However, the components of Acanthamoeba trophozoites that induce chemokines production remain unknown. We sought to identify the trophozoite molecules that interact with TLR4 on human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells and trigger IL-8 production. Acanthamoeba membrane protein (AcMP) was isolated by homogenization of trophozoites. The supernatants were collected, solubilized, and membrane fractions were separated by centrifugation using Mem-PER TM plus kit. To examine functional activity of AcMP, HCE and TLR4-expressing HEK293 cells were incubated with or without A. castellanii (1×10 5 cells/ml) and AcMP (10, 25, and 50 µg/ml) for 24 hours. AcMP was chromatographed by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) and fractions were pooled into four peaks (AcMP-P1 -AcMP-P4). TLR4-ligand in AcMP-P1 -AcMP-P4 was determined by Western blotting. HEK293 and HCE cells were incubated with or without A. castellanii, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 µg/ml), and AcMP-P1 -AcMP-P4 (20 µg/ml) for 24 hours. qRT-PCR and ELISA were used to examine the ability of AcMP-P1 -AcMP-P4 to stimulate IL-8 production in HEK293 and HCE cells. Inhibition of TLR4 involved preincubating HEK293 and HCE cells for 1 hour with neutralizing TLR4-antibody (10 µg/ml) or with the control antibody (10 µg/ml, goat serum) followed by incubation with or without A. castellanii, LPS, and AcMP-P2 for 24 hours. AcMP induced significant IL-8 production at doses of 10, 25, and 50 µg/ml in HEK293 cells while IL-8 mRNA expression and IL-8 secretion were significantly increased in HCE cells at the dose of 50 µg/ml. Treatments of HEK293 with FPLC chromatographed trophozoites' proteins, AcMP-P1 -AcMP-P4; only AcMP-P2 upregulated significant IL-8 production and mRNA expression. Western blotting of AcMP-P1 -AcMP-P4 showed TLR4-antigen in AcMP-P2 and was recognized an approximate 15-kDa protein band. Anti-TLR4 antibody attenuated IL-8 secretion that is stimulated by AcMP-P2 from HEK293 and HCE cells. These results suggest that A. castellanii trophozoites recognize TLR4 on HCE and HEK293 cells by an approximate 15-kDa molecular mass protein of AcMP and induce IL-8 secretion.

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“…Retained corneal foreign bodies are frequent sources of keratitis. (Dart et al, 1988;Liesegang et al 1997;Moriyama et al, 2008;Musch et al 1983;Poggio et al, 1989;Weissman et al, 2002) …”

Section: Causes Of Bacterial Keratitismentioning

confidence: 99%