Contemporary progress in the green synthesis of spiro-thiazolidines and their medicinal significance: a review

Abstract

The development of new strategies for the production of nitrogen and sulfur-containing heterocycles remains an extremely alluring but challenging proposition. Current progress in the various synthetic methods and biological activities are discussed.

Recent advances in microwave-assisted multicomponent synthesis of spiro heterocycles

“…A remarkable surge in spiro heterocycles has also been observed in the synthetic realm. [112][113][114][115][116] In medicinal chemistry, these compounds have proven to be valuable scaffolds. They have the potential to treat infections, cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and more.…”

Recent developments on microwave-assisted organic synthesis of nitrogen- and oxygen-containing preferred heterocyclic scaffolds

“…Isatin is a heterocyclic compound used extensively as a foundational component in the synthesis and advancement of novel drug candidates. [148][149][150] The remarkable versatility of isatins, which can serve as electrophiles and nucleophiles, coupled with their ready availability, positions them as highly prized building blocks in organic synthesis. [151][152][153] They participate in a range of transformations, including electrophilic aromatic substitution at the C-5 and C-6 positions of the phenyl ring, 154 N-substitutions, 154 nucleophilic additions to the C-3 carbonyl group, 154 selective oxidations, reductions, ring expansions, spiroannulations, and more reactions.…”

Organocatalytic Synthesis and DNA Interactive Studies of New 1,2,3‐triazolyl‐thiazolidines Hybrids

“…[29][30][31][32][33][34] According to the literature, in addition to the broad pharmacological applications of thiazolidines, combining them with other classes of molecules with established properties leads to the creation of intriguing hybrid derivatives. Examples include thiazole-thiazolidinedione hybrids, [35] spirothiazolidines, [36] and thiazolidinone Cu(II) and Fe(III) complexes designed to investigate interactions with DNA and serum albumins. [37] Notably, Verma and colleagues reported the synthesis, antibacterial evaluation, and computational studies of hybrids containing both oxo-thiazolinine and 1,2,4-triazole units.…”