Contextual Cueing: Implicit Learning and Memory of Visual Context Guides Spatial Attention

Chun, Marvin M.; Jiang, Yuhong

doi:10.1006/cogp.1998.0681

Cited by 1,784 publications

(2,568 citation statements)

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“…At the same time, this directed attention allows locations to be remembered and used in subsequent trials (see also Logan, Taylor, & Etherton, 1999). Recently, Chun and Jiang (1998) have extended these findings by showing benefits when complete prior search displays were re-presented (i.e., when not only the targets, but also the distractors were repeated). These benefits occurred even after a single repetition and even though the participant was unaware of the repetition.…”

Section: Mnemonic Searchmentioning

confidence: 89%

Prioritization in visual search: Visual marking is not dependent on a mnemonic search

Olivers

Humphreys

Heinke

et al. 2002

Perception & Psychophysics

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Section: Mnemonic Searchmentioning

confidence: 89%

Prioritization in visual search: Visual marking is not dependent on a mnemonic search

Olivers

Humphreys

Heinke

et al. 2002

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…Other recent work with VSL has demonstrated that such learning operates over spatial as well as temporal regularities (e.g., Baker, Olson, & Behrmann, 2004;Chun & Jiang, 1998;Fiser & Aslin, 2001); at multiple spatial scales (Fiser & Aslin, 2005); across multiple modalities (Conway & Christiansen, 2005) and despite interleaved noise Turk-Browne et al, 2005); and in young infants in addition to adults (Fiser & Aslin, 2002b;Kirkham, Slemmer, & Johnson, 2002). Moreover, other recent studies of temporal VSL have begun to elucidate some of the underlying processes that help make VSL possible, involving selective attention , association (Turk-Browne & Scholl, 2006), computations of persisting object representations (Fiser, Scholl, & Aslin, 2007), and anticipation (Turk-Browne, Johnson, Chun, & Scholl, 2007).…”

Section: Visual Statistical Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Automaticity of Visual Statistical Learning.

Turk‐Browne

Junge

Scholl

2005

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

690

725

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Recent studies of visual statistical learning (VSL) have demonstrated that statistical regularities in sequences of visual stimuli can be automatically extracted, even without intent or awareness. Despite much work on this topic, however, several fundamental questions remain about the nature of VSL. In particular, previous experiments have not explored the underlying units over which VSL operates. In a sequence of colored shapes, for example, does VSL operate over each feature dimension independently, or over multidimensional objects in which color and shape are bound together? The studies reported here demonstrate that VSL can be both object-based and feature-based, in systematic ways based on how different feature dimensions covary. For example, when each shape covaried perfectly with a particular color, VSL was object-based: Observers expressed robust VSL for colored-shape sub-sequences at test but failed when the test items consisted of monochromatic shapes or color patches. When shape and color pairs were partially decoupled during learning, however, VSL operated over features: Observers expressed robust VSL when the feature dimensions were tested separately. These results suggest that VSL is object-based, but that sensitivity to feature correlations in multidimensional sequences (possibly another form of VSL) may in turn help define what counts as an object.

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“…The term contextual cueing refers to improved performance in searching for a given target stimulus within an array of distractors whenever the array contains some sort of consistent structure over repeated presentations (Chun et al, 2011). Specifically, spatial contextual cueing reflects an incidental form of learning that occurs when spatial distractor configurations are repeated in visual search displays (Chun and Jiang, 1998). Recently, it was reported that the efficiency of contextual cueing can be modulated by reward (Tseng and Lleras, 2013), a finding that was replicated in a subsequent fMRI investigation of reward-dependent enhancement of contextual cueing (Pollmann et al, 2016).…”

Section: Modulation Of Contextual Cueingmentioning

confidence: 99%