Continuous supercritical synthesis and dielectric behaviour of the whole BST solid solution

Abstract

In this study we show that pure and well crystallized nanoparticles of Ba(x)Sr(1-x)TiO(3) (BST) can be synthesized over the entire range of composition through the hydrolysis and further crystallization of alkoxide precursors under supercritical conditions. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the whole ferroelectric solid solution has been produced in a continuous way, using the same experimental conditions. The composition of the powder can be easily controlled by adjusting the feed solution composition. The powders consist of soft-aggregated monocrystalline nanoparticles with an average particle size ranging from approximately 20 to 40 nm. Ferroelectric ceramics with accurately adjustable Curie temperature (100-390 K) can thus be obtained by sintering.

Innovative architectures in ferroelectric multi-materials: Chemistry, interfaces and strain

“…This synthesis route was used to prepare all the compositions belonging to the BST and BaTi 1Àx Zr x O 3 (BTZ) systems. 20,21,[39][40][41][42] Nanoparticles with a high purity, crystallinity and grain size below 20 nm as well as narrow particle size distribution can be synthesized under supercritical conditions using a continuousflow tubular reactor ( Fig. 1(d)).…”

Design of functional nanostructured materials using supercritical fluids

“…Examples of research work on multi-cation based materials concerns the story around Ba x Sr 1−x TiO 3 (BST, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1) from the synthesis of TiO 2 [10], [14], [15] and [16]. BST is an important material used in electronics and telecommunications due to its dielectric properties.…”

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Supercritical Water

“…Hydrothermal methods for preparing fine metal oxide particles in subcritical and supercritical water have been developed using batch reaction [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42] and flow reaction systems [17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,…”