Contribución de los perros y otros animales en programas destinados a la inclusión social

Abstract

Animal-assisted interventions refer to any intervention that intentionally includes or incorporates animals as part of a therapeutic, palliative, educational, psychoeducational or recreational process or milieu. The Faculty of Veterinary Science of the University of Buenos Aires began work on this issue in 1996 and gradually incorporated outreach, research and teaching projects, undertaking several stages of institutionalisation and reconceptionalisation that led, in 2014, to the creation of an open chair in animal-assisted interventions. This article aims to introduce the discipline, with special emphasis on its potential as a means of promoting inclusion, and to present a specific case of work with dogs, which began in 2009 with the non-profit organisation Senderos del Sembrador (Trails of the Sower) for people with an intellectual disability who are in great need of support. This article describes how the contact with dogs was systematised, along with outcomes, challenges and difficulties, and how leisure came to be used as a means of promoting inclusion and altering the preconceptions of people without disabilities. Finally, in reflecting on practices, the project evolved from a treatment plan for rehabilitating people with disabilities into a space for effective social inclusion that gradually changed the perceptions and practices of all participants.