Contributing factors for electricity storage in a carbon‐free power system

Abstract

The Government of Finland is targeting carbon neutrality by 2035. Increasing electrification emphasizes the need for significant emission reductions in power generation. As reduction in power generation emissions is partly realized by increase in intermittent energy sources, electricity storage may become an important part of a carbon neutral power system. This study investigates the behavior of electrical storages as a part of a large-scale national carbon-free power system model. As a case study, a three-year model of a carbon-free Finnish power system set in 2050 with the aim to identify various factors affecting electricity storage, and the results are compared with literature. The proposed case study features various scenarios with a national power system with very high amounts of renewables and a significant hydro capacity, while amount of combustion-based energy production is minimal. In addition, hydrological stress scenarios representing historically severe drought years were introduced.The amount of electricity storage needed was found to be most affected by nuclear and electricity trading capacities, which is consistent with literature findings. The data period used as basis for modeling also affected the need for electricity storage, as interannual variations in renewable production were found to have a large effect on modeled results. The needed electricity storage capacities increased significantly in the stress scenarios. The electricity storage need was found to be seasonal in nature, but this may be partly due to missing demand flexibility within the modeled power system, which caused very large individual storage discharge peaks. The results emphasize the need to take several years of historical data into account to ensure system availability in different conditions. Highlights• Nuclear energy was found to decrease system costs in a 100% carbon-free power system.

Research on large-scale energy storage for intelligent power system

“…Building large power stations in economically developed areas and areas with high electricity consumption can basically meet the daily needs of urban residents. 11 Chemical heat storage technology has high requirements for materials and makes material selection difficult. Latent heat and sensible heat energy storage are widely used at this stage.…”

Automatic extraction algorithm of small signal in power system considering the fluctuation of eigenvalue

“…Most of the distribution networks set up in China at present belong to ultra-high voltage interconnected distribution networks. Due to the immature technology, small interference signals often affect the operation of the power system, resulting in short circuits, grounding, reclosing, and other faults of the power system, which is not conducive to the stable operation of the power system [3]. Although relevant researchers have introduced a low-frequency oscillation mode in the operation of the UHV power interconnection system, the power system will still frequently receive small interference signals due to the impact of excessive operating load.…”