Contribution of Integrated Campaign Distribution of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets to Coverage of Target Groups and Total Populations in Malaria-Endemic Areas in Madagascar

Abstract

In October 2007, Madagascar conducted a nationwide integrated campaign to deliver measles vaccination, mebendazole, and vitamin A to children six months to five years of age. In 59 of the 111 districts, long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) were delivered to children less than five years of age in combination with the other interventions. A community-based, cross-sectional survey assessed LLIN ownership and use six months post-campaign during the rainy season. LLIN ownership was analyzed by wealth quintile to assess equity. In the 59 districts, 76.8% of households possessed at least one LLIN from any source and 56.4% of households possessed a campaign net. Equity of campaign net ownership was evident. Post-campaign, the LLIN use target of ≥ 80% by children less than five years of age and a high level of LLIN use (69%) by pregnant women were attained. Targeted LLIN distribution further contributed to total population coverage (60%) through use of campaign nets by all age groups.

Strategies for delivering insecticide-treated nets at scale for malaria control: a systematic review

“…Most continuous strategies partially sub- Of the six studies reporting ownership by > 60% of households, four used an uncontrolled cross-sectional survey design, surveying 300-3000 households 1-3 years after delivery began. 25,44,50,51 The other two used a before-and-after design in which approximately 2500 households were surveyed before and one year after ITN delivery during campaigns integrated with measles vaccination. 42,43,47,48 During the 1-2-year period between baseline and endline surveys, ITN ownership among households increased from 24.5% to 79% in one study and from < 1% to 55-70% in the other.…”

“…3 and Table 2). Seven studies provided fully subsidized ITNs through a stand-alone campaign only (in one 41 ) or through an integrated campaign only (in six [42][43][44][47][48][49][50][51]. One study considered the continuous delivery of free ITNs through antenatal clinics.…”

“…Two of the four used a cross-sectional design to evaluate strategies at either the national or district levels. 44,49 The other two used a before-and-after design and also reviewed delivery at the district or national levels. 42,43,47,48 The change in equity index was available only for E r it e a 2 5 U g a n d a : A d ju m a n i 2 7 Z a m b ia : C h ip a t a , L u n d a z i, C h a m a , C h a d iz a , P e t a u k a 2 1 U n it e d R e p u b li c o f T a n z a n ia : n a t io n a l 3 2 -3 5 U n it e d R e p u b li c o f T a n z a n ia : Z a n z ib a r, N o r t h A 4 1 U n it e d R e p u b li c o f T a n z a n ia : Z a n z ib a r, M ic h e w e n i 4 1 K e n y a : K w a le , B o n d o , G r e a t e r K is ii , M a k u e n i 4 2 ,4 3 Z a m b ia : u r b a n ( K a la lu s h i) 4 9 Z a m b ia : r u r a l ( C h il u b i, K a p u t a , M a m b w e , N y im b a ) 4 9 U n it e d R e p u b li c o f T a n z a n ia : L in d i 4 5 K e n y a ( 3 5 d is t r ic t s ) 2 8 G h a n a : L a w r a 2 9 ,3 0 M a la w i 3 ,3 9 ,4 0 U g a n d a : A d ju m a n i 2 7 U g a n d a : J in ja 2 7 M a d a g a s c a r 4 4 U n it e d R e p u b li c o f T a n z a n ia : R u f ij i 4 6 T o g o : T o n e 4 7 ,4 8 T o g o : O g o u 4 7 ,4 8 N ig e r 5 0 N ig e r ia 5 1 T o g o : Y o t o 4 7 ,4 8 G h a n a : L a w r a 2 …”

Improved equity in measles vaccination from integrating insecticide‐treated bednets in a vaccination campaign, Madagascar

“…Madagascar is an island nation off the southeastern coast of Africa, with a population of approximately 19 million, 71% of whom live in rural areas (Central Intelligence Agency 2009). Approximately 90% of the population live in malaria‐endemic areas (Kulkarni et al 2010), and the disease is responsible for killing more children under the age of 5 years than any other cause; out of the 60 000 child deaths every year in Madagascar, malaria accounts for nearly one third (United Nations Children’s Fund 2006).…”

Lots Quality Assurance Survey (LQAS) as a Strategy to Achieving Quality LLIN Campaigns: The Nigerian Experience

“…The use of Long Lasting Insecticide treated Nets (LLINs) has become one of the best and cost-effective interventions for malaria vector control around the globe [3]. Malaria is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality especially among children less than five years of age in endemic countries including Nigeria [1].…”