Contribution to the Study of the Soil’s Diversity of the Algerian North-east, Case of the Transect «Souk-ahras -tebessa»

Abstract

Our study area is a transect that connects the wilaya of Souk-Ahras and the wilaya of Tebessa where it is formed by a mountainous massif site that includes a very important vegetal diversity. This area is located in the North East of Algeria where it prevails a Mediterranean climate, characterized by a temperature gradient that increases from North to South, whose average annual rainfall evolves in the opposite direction of the temperature. To identify the diversity of soils in this region we made a qualitative characterization of soils that integrate the axis between the north and south of the wilaya of Souk-Ahras and Tebessa, we chose six stations representative of the area in question, several physico-chemical parameters were studied such as, the granulometry, hydrogen potential, electrical conductivity, hygroscopic moisture, organic matter and total limestone to define and enhance the quality and richness of the soil of this region. The physicochemical characterization reveals a diversity of the nature and quality of soils in this mountainous region, and an adequacy between the soil, the climatic environment and the type of plant cover whatever the region.