Control in Industrial Settings

Jack, Thomas R.; Westlake, D. W. S.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1582-5_10

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Sulfides are undesirable during oil production operations because of their toxicity, corrosiveness, and ability to form insoluble metal sulfides that can lead to a loss of reservoir permeability (40). Typically, control of SRB involves the use of oxidizing and nonoxidizing biocides, such as chlorine, bromine, aldehydes, amines, and quaternary phosphonium salts (28,45). However, these chemicals can also be toxic, expensive, and ineffective (28,62).…”

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Isolation and Characterization of Strains CVO and FWKO B, Two Novel Nitrate-Reducing, Sulfide-Oxidizing Bacteria Isolated from Oil Field Brine

Gevertz

Telang

Voordouw

et al. 2000

Appl Environ Microbiol

242

164

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Bacterial strains CVO and FWKO B were isolated from produced brine at the Coleville oil field in Saskatchewan, Canada. Both strains are obligate chemolithotrophs, with hydrogen, formate, and sulfide serving as the only known energy sources for FWKO B, whereas sulfide and elemental sulfur are the only known electron donors for CVO. Neither strain uses thiosulfate as an energy source. Both strains are microaerophiles (1% O 2 ). In addition, CVO grows by denitrification of nitrate or nitrite whereas FWKO B reduces nitrate only to nitrite. Elemental sulfur is the sole product of sulfide oxidation by FWKO B, while CVO produces either elemental sulfur or sulfate, depending on the initial concentration of sulfide. Both strains are capable of growth under strictly autotrophic conditions, but CVO uses acetate as well as CO 2 as its sole carbon source. Neither strain reduces sulfate; however, FWKO B reduces sulfur and displays chemolithoautotrophic growth in the presence of elemental sulfur, hydrogen, and CO 2 . Both strains grow at temperatures between 5 and 40°C. CVO is capable of growth at NaCl concentrations as high as 7%. The present 16s rRNA analysis suggests that both strains are members of the epsilon subdivision of the division Proteobacteria, with CVO most closely related to Thiomicrospira denitrifcans and FWKO B most closely related to members of the genus Arcobacter. The isolation of these two novel chemolithotrophic sulfur bacteria from oil field brine suggests the presence of a subterranean sulfur cycle driven entirely by hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and nitrate.

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“…Typically, control of SRB involves the use of oxidizing and nonoxidizing biocides, such as chlorine, bromine, aldehydes, amines, and quaternary phosphonium salts (28,45). However, these chemicals can also be toxic, expensive, and ineffective (28,62).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Strains CVO and FWKO B, Two Novel Nitrate-Reducing, Sulfide-Oxidizing Bacteria Isolated from Oil Field Brine

Gevertz

Telang

Voordouw

et al. 2000

Appl Environ Microbiol

242

164

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“…Their reported mechanisms of action are summarized in Table 2. As the treatment level data in Table 2 indicate, very high levels of these biocides are required to inhibit hydrogen sulfide production (e.g., 50 to 500 parts-perthousand), making these treatments expensive and environmentally undesirable (Jack and Westlake, 1995). The enzymatic composition that was studied in this work (ZymeOut) is comprised of several enzymes prepared by growing a nitrate-reducing sulfide-oxidizing (NR-SO) bacterial culture in a nutrient medium that preferably contains a sulfate salt, an oxidized nitrogenous inorganic salt (e.g., a nitrate salt) and one or more organic salts (e.g., a lactate salt, a citrate salt, and the like), preferably for about 3-5 days.…”

Section: Inhibition Of Sulfate Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing generation of biogenic hydrogen sulfide in sugar wastewaters

Govind¹,

Ferguson²

2009

Proceedings of 35th Biennial Meeting

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Abstract:In the manufacture of beet sugar, improving discharge water quality is a key objective for effective reuse of water for irrigation purposes. Problems associated with the discharge water includes generation of odors from biogenic hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, sludge buildup in ponds used for water retention and treatment due to precipitation of metal sulfides, and inadequate water discharge quality, in terms of total nitrogen, ammonia, fecal coliforms count, and phosphorus concentrations. Methods used to improve water quality have focused mainly on either adding chemicals to minimize odor generation, which cause toxicity issues in the discharge water or to add external aeration, which increases dissolved oxygen concentration in the water and improves aerobic treatment rates, but increases power expenditure and hence operating cost. In this paper, use of a biocatalyst solution containing enzymes has been tested in the laboratory and at field-scale. Enzymes function by inhibiting the growth of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRBs) which are responsible for biogenic hydrogen sulfide generation. Experimental and field results show that the enzyme solution tested, ZymeOut, virtually eliminates the generation of biogenic hydrogen sulfide and introduces no water toxicity, unlike conventional biocides. It also reduces the occurrence of biofilms, improves water clarity in lagoons and significantly reduces metal sulfide sludge precipitation. Introduction:

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“…Sulfide in the oil production process is harmful, because they are toxic, corrosive, produces insoluble iron compounds of sulfur, which will lead to lower permeability oil fields (McInerney and Sublette, 1997). Representation of the SRB control biocide is chlorine, bromine, aldehydes, amines and seasonal phosphorus salt (Jack and Westlake, 1995;Okabe et al, 1994). These chemicals are toxic, expensive and inefficient (Jack and Westlake, 1995;Telang et al, 1998) At present, the use of biological competition methods to suppress SRB is increasingly becoming the focus of * Corresponding author.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of a nitrate-reducing bacteria strain from oil field brine and the inhibition of sulfate-reducing bacteria

Jazayeri¹,

Kohram

Salehi³

2011

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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A nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) strain with vigorous growth, strong nitrate reduction ability, strain B9 2-1, was isolated from Suizhong36-1 oilfield, its routine identification and analysis of 16S rRNA and also the competitive inhibition experiments with the enrichment of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were carried out. The results showed that only the dosing of nitrate, nitrite as electron acceptors, the activation of nitrate-reducing bacteria, as well as the inhibition of sulfide production resulted from a limited capacity, while addition of NRB isolated from the produced fluid, growth and sulfide production activity of sulfate reducing bacteria produced a significant inhibition and antibacterial effects of nitrite, which was better than nitrate. At the same time, the small amount of molybdate dosing showed better results, which will be of significance when applied to shipping and state-defending industries.

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Control in Industrial Settings

Cited by 24 publications

References 34 publications

Isolation and Characterization of Strains CVO and FWKO B, Two Novel Nitrate-Reducing, Sulfide-Oxidizing Bacteria Isolated from Oil Field Brine

Isolation and Characterization of Strains CVO and FWKO B, Two Novel Nitrate-Reducing, Sulfide-Oxidizing Bacteria Isolated from Oil Field Brine

Reducing generation of biogenic hydrogen sulfide in sugar wastewaters

Isolation of a nitrate-reducing bacteria strain from oil field brine and the inhibition of sulfate-reducing bacteria

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