Control of nematode disease of egg plant (Solanum aethiopicum) using manure

Abstract

Pot experiment was conducted in the year 2010 and repeated in 2011 to examine the effects of organic manure (poultry, cow dung and domestic waste) and inorganic manure (NPK 15:15:15) on the yield, soil and root population of Meloidogyne incognita-infected Ethiopian egg plant Solanum aethiopicum in a greenhouse at Kabba college of agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Kabba, Nigeria. Each of the organic manure was applied as soil amendment at the rate of 5t/ha and the inorganic fertiliser (NPK) was applied at the rate of 200 kg/ha, while there was an untreated control that acted as standard check. The experimental design was a completely randomised design comprising of five treatments including control and each of the treatments was replicated four times. The result of the experiment showed that all the organic manures considered and NPK fertilisers were effective in suppressing the nematode's negative effects on the plant, as shown by the improved yield, reduced soil and root population as well as reduced gall index of the organic and inorganic manure-treated plant compared with the control. The mean fruit yield of the manure-treated plant was of the range 18 ± 1 fruits and NPK fertiliser had an average of fruit number of 17, while the untreated control recorded an average fruit number of 6.5. The organic and inorganic manure-treated plants recorded bigger fruit size compared with control, and are significantly different from the control. The soil and root population as well as root gall index are reduced in all the manure treatments compared with the control and are significantly different from the control. The result of this experiment confirmed that organic manure can be utilised to manage nematode in soil endemic with root-knot nematode M. incognita.

Nematicidal activity of furanocoumarins from parsley againstMeloidogynespp.

“…Recently, Ismail and co‐workers reported on the use of cress ( Eruca sativa ), castor ( Ricinus communis ) and linseed ( Linum usitatissimum ) against M. arenaria in potato fields . Organic manure (poultry, cow dung and domestic waste) used for the control of M. incognita on Ethiopian eggplant ( Solanum aethiopicum ) improved yield in greenhouse pot experiments . Stirling suggested that conventional vegetable farming systems could be improved by annually incorporating commercially available organic amendments, or by mulching biomass from rotation crops onto the bed surface well before the vegetable crop is to be planted, or by leaving the bed undisturbed and covering those residues with plastic .…”

“…42 Organic manure (poultry, cow dung and domestic waste) used for the control of M. incognita on Ethiopian eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum) improved yield in greenhouse pot experiments. 43 Stirling suggested that conventional vegetable farming systems could be improved by annually incorporating commercially available organic amendments, or by mulching Pest Manag Sci 2015; 71: 1099-1105 biomass from rotation crops onto the bed surface well before the vegetable crop is to be planted, or by leaving the bed undisturbed and covering those residues with plastic. 44 Organic amendments with Brassica species in combination with solarisation can sometimes be used as an alternative to conventional nematicides.…”

Biological control of nematodes infecting eggplant in Egypt

“…They found that these biocontrol agents were effective in suppressing M. incognita and could be used as safe agents for sustainable environment. Abolusoro et al (2013) reported that organic manure (poultry, cow dung, domestic waste) and inorganic fertilizer (NPK 15:15:15) were effective in suppressing M. incognita soil and root populations, reducing gall index of the treated eggplants compared with the control in a greenhouse Mokbel and Alharbi (2014) found that Pseudomonas fluorescens, B. thuringiensis, Bacillus subtilis, and S. marcescens each alone or in a combination resulted in 50.5-90.3% restrained M. javanica egg-hatch and J 2 activity and caused 56.5-86.8% decrease in egg-masses/eggplant root system, root galls,, and 50.9-73.7% rise in the shoot and root dry weights of eggplant. Also, Arthrobotrys conoides, Purpureocillium lilacinus, A. oligospora, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae induced considerable reductions (69.5-89.5%) in galls and egg-masses/root system, and led to 53.7-60.9% enhancement in shoot and root dry weights of eggplant.…”

Effect of Certain Soil Amendments on Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne javanica, Affecting Eggplant

“…Using organic amendments such as composts, agricultural and other industrial wastes, crop residues and plant derivatives to control plant-parasitic nematodes has been reported in voluminous reports (Rahman et al, 2011;Abolusoro et al, 2013;Rizvi et al, 2018). Rizvi et al (2018) indicated that organic soil amendments increased plant growth, biomass,chlorophyll and nutrient status(N, P and K).…”