Control of plant diseases by natural products: Allicin from garlic as a case study

Phytochemical Analysis and Antifungal Efficacy of Rhizome Extracts of various plants against Fusarium Wilt and Root Rot of Tomato

“…This is in an agreement with our findings that A. sativum exhibited significantly higher results as the concentration increased. This inhibitive action of A. sativum bulb extract has been attributed to a componentallicin having strong atimicrobial activity against plant diseases (Slusarenko et al, 2008;Ameh et al, 2013). Zingiber officinale rhizome extract comes next to garlic extract though C. longa extract showed least efficacy against the test fungi in our findings.…”

“…A large number of plant species have been reported to possess natural substances that are lethal to many diseases caused by fungi in plants (Sateesh et al, 2004) Allium sativum L. belonging to Alliaceae family is a widely cultivated aromatic perennial herb throughout the world. The active component-(allicin) having strong antifungal activity effectively controlled various plant diseases including Late blight of tomato and potato (Slusarenko et al, 2008). Shrestha and Tiwari (2009) recorded complete inhibition of mycelia growth of F. solani at 40% concentration of garlic.…”

Evaluation of non-chemical seed treatment methods for the control of Alternaria dauci and A. radicina on carrot seeds

“…On the other hand, different strains of the fungus Clonostachys rosea, isolated from cereal or carrot habitats, controlled pre-and post-emergence death caused by A. dauci and A. radicina as effectively as the fungicide iprodione, and biopriming of a highly infested carrot seed lot with C. rosea strain IK726 reduced the incidence of A. radicina from 29% to <2.3%, and that of A. dauci from 11% to <4.8% (Jensen et al 2004). In experiments by Slusarenko et al (2008) imbibition treatment of Alternaria-infested carrot seeds with garlic juice resulted in improvements of the germination rate comparable to treatment with a commercial, thiram-containing seed treatment.…”

In vitro efficacy of certain botanicals against bacterial soft rot of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

“…The effect of neem (Azadirachta indica) as observed is in agreement with the findings of Opara et al (2013) and Bhardwaj and Laura (2008), but not in accordance with Paradza et al (2012). The microbial activity shown by turmeric may be due to the action of its volatile oil constituent curcumin which has enolizable β-diketo group as chelating ligand (Rachana and Venugopalan, 2014) while Slusarenko et al (2008) reported neem to have active substance Azadirachtin which is under subclass of compound limonoids, class triterpenes and is active against a wide range of microbes and/or pests with up to 90% efficacy in most cases (Akbar et al, 2014;Koul and Walia, 2009). Neem is reported to have fungicidal activity (Bankole, 1996;Govindachari et al, 1998) and bactericidal activity (Mahfuzul-Haque et al, 2007), while ginger (Zingiber officinale) was reported to have bactericidal effect on Erwinia sp due to its volatile essential oil (Opara et al, 2013).…”

“…The problems caused by synthetic pesticides and their residues have increased the need for the search of effective biodegradable pesticides with greater selectivity (Al-Samarrai et al, 2012;Slusarenko et al, 2008). The alternative strategies are focused on pesticides of plant origin, which are often effective against a limited number of specific target species, are biodegradable into nontoxic products and suitable for use in integrated pest management programs (Al-Samarrai et al, 2012).…”