Controllable linear asymmetric transmission and perfect polarization conversion in a terahertz hybrid metal-graphene metasurface

Zhao, Jianxing; Song, Jianlin; Xu, Tianyu; Yang, Tingxiang; Zhou, Jianhong

doi:10.1364/oe.27.009773

Cited by 60 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The Drude background absorption also contributes. In the absence of the metallic gratings, the proposed structure is similar to that in Zhao's work [24], and Drude background absorption is the only contribution of the effective conductivity. Similarly, PCR over 25% can be observed between 2 and 6 THz, as shown in Figure 5a.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 65%

“…The minimum meshes at the boundaries of graphene were 0.1 nm to promise the accuracy. Graphene was characterized by the Kubo formula [24,29]. The graphene ribbons extended along the u coordinate and the lengths of the metallic gates L in the u coordinate were initially set as 2.4 µm, so that gated modes could be excited in the u coordinate within the THz region.…”

Section: Simulation Experiments Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once the incidence passes through the plasmon-excitation layer, both the phase and the amplitude will be changed by the plasmon resonances, and then the polarization will be changed accordingly. Recently, Zhao et al proposed to encapsulate two periodic graphene ribbons in between two sets of metallic gratings and realized broadband THz polarization conversion in the THz frequencies [24]. However, up to now, a detailed model description of both relative bandwidth and PCR was still lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Terahertz Broadband Polarization Conversion for Transmitted Waves Based on Graphene Plasmon Resonances

Yang

et al. 2020

Nanomaterials

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We applied the harmonic oscillator model combined with the transfer matrix method to study the polarization conversion for transmitted waves in metallic grating/plasmon-excitation layer/metallic grating structure in the terahertz (THz) region. By comparing the calculated spectra and the simulated (by the finite-difference-time-domain method) ones, we found that they correspond well with each other. Both methods show that the Drude background absorption and the excited plasmon resonances are responsible for polarization conversion. The transmission is close to 0 when the distance between the top/bottom metallic gratings and gated graphene is an integer multiple of half the wavelength of the incident wave (in the dielectrics), at which points the plasmon resonances are greatly suppressed by the destructive interference between the backward/forward electromagnetic waves and that reflected by the top/bottom metallic gratings. Away from these points, the transmission can be higher than 80%. The electron density and the excitation efficiency of the plasmon-excitation layer were found to be important for the bandwidth of the polarization conversion window, while the scattering rate was found to influence mainly the polarization conversion rate. Multi-broadband polarization conversion is realized by exciting plasmon modes between the 0 transmission points in the THz region.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Simulation Experiments Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Terahertz Broadband Polarization Conversion for Transmitted Waves Based on Graphene Plasmon Resonances

Yang

et al. 2020

Nanomaterials

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“…The illuminated wave can transmit from the front graphene patch and move forth and back between the front and middle graphene patch, forming the first Fabry-Perot-like cavity. Then the transmitted wave travels forth and back in the second Fabry-Perot-like cavity formed by the middle graphene patch, and the back metallic ground plane [36]. A typical Fabry-Perot resonance associated with an amplitude and phase change is observed depending on the constant thickness of the substrates and variable chemical potential of both graphene patches [37].…”

Section: B Unit Cell Design and Amplitude/phase Digital Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Channel Near-Field Terahertz Communications Using Reprogrammable Graphene-Based Digital Metasurface

Rouhi

Hosseininejad

Abadal

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Digital metasurfaces have opened unprecedented ways to accomplish novel electromagnetic devices thanks to their simple manipulation of electromagnetic waves. However, the metasurfaces leveraging phase-only or amplitude-only modulation restricted the full-functionality control of the devices. Herein, a digital graphene-based metasurfaces engineering wavefront amplitude and phase are proposed for the first time to tackle this challenge in the terahertz (THz) band. The concept and its significance are verified using reprogrammable multi-focal metalens based on a 2/2-bit digital unit cell with independent control of 2-bit states of amplitude and phase individually. Moreover, we introduce a novel method to directly transmit digital information over multiple channels via the reprogrammable digital metasurface. Since these metasurfaces are composed of digital building blocks, the digital information can be directly modulated to the metasurface by selecting specific digital sequences and sent them to predetermined receivers distributed in the focal points. Following that, a multi-channel THz high-speed communication system and its application to build three-dimensional wireless agile interconnection are demonstrated. The presented method provides a new architecture for wireless communications without using complicated components of conventional systems. This work motivates versatile meta-devices in many applications envisioned for the THz frequencies, which will play a vital role in modern communications.

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“…However, since the phase difference and the amplitude of two orthogonal components change as the frequency of the incidence changes, the bandwidths of such transmissive polarization rotators are usually limited [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Metallic gratings can help to enhance the bandwidth and the transmissivity [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Electromagnetic waves transmitted through or reflected by the metamaterials with unwanted polarization are reflected by metallic gratings and interact with the metamaterials again, so the transmission window grows taller and wider.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable Transmissive Terahertz Linear Polarizer for Arbitrary Linear Incidence Based on Low-Dimensional Metamaterials

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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In this work, we propose a structure consisting of three metamaterial layers and a metallic grating layer to rotate the polarization of arbitrary linearly polarized incidence to the y-direction with high transmissivity by electrically tuning these metamaterials. The transfer matrix method together with a harmonic oscillator model is adopted to theoretically study the proposed structure. Numerical simulation based on the finite difference time-domain method is performed assuming that the metamaterial layers are constituted by graphene ribbon arrays. The calculation and simulation results show that the Drude absorption is responsible for the polarization rotation. Fermi level and scattering rate of graphene are important for the transmissivity. For a polarization rotation of around 90°, the thickness of either the upper or lower dielectric separations influences the transmission window. For a polarization rotation of around 45° and 135°, the lower dielectric separations decide the frequency of the transmission window, while the upper dielectric separations just slightly influence the transmissivity.

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Controllable linear asymmetric transmission and perfect polarization conversion in a terahertz hybrid metal-graphene metasurface

Cited by 60 publications

References 48 publications

Terahertz Broadband Polarization Conversion for Transmitted Waves Based on Graphene Plasmon Resonances

Terahertz Broadband Polarization Conversion for Transmitted Waves Based on Graphene Plasmon Resonances

Multi-Channel Near-Field Terahertz Communications Using Reprogrammable Graphene-Based Digital Metasurface

Tunable Transmissive Terahertz Linear Polarizer for Arbitrary Linear Incidence Based on Low-Dimensional Metamaterials

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