Controlling cabin heating to improve range and battery lifetime of electric vehicles

Steinstraeter, Matthias; Buberger, Johannes; Minnerup, Katharina; Trifonov, Dimitar; Horner, Patrik; Weiss, Bastian; Lienkamp, Markus

doi:10.1016/j.etran.2022.100181

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Nevertheless, LIB suffer from a serious energy attenuation problem in low temperature, especially LFP batteries [7,8]. Qin et al reviewed the performance of batteries at low temperature and illustrated that the discharge capacity of LFP drops from 134.5 mAh/g (20 • C) to 90 mAh/g (−20 • C) [9], which corresponds to the authors' pre-experiment, as shown in Supplementary Material Figure S1.…”

Section: Introduction 1backgroundsmentioning

confidence: 85%

An Electrical–Thermal Coupling Model with Artificial Intelligence for State of Charge and Residual Available Energy Co-Estimation of LiFePO4 Battery System under Various Temperatures

Mao

Han

et al. 2022

Batteries

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The LiFePO4 (LFP) battery tends to underperform in low temperature: the available energy drops, while the state of charge (SOC) and residual available energy (RAE) estimation error increase dramatically compared to the result under room temperature, which causes mileage anxiety for drivers. This paper introduces an artificial intelligence-based electrical–thermal coupling battery model, presents an application-oriented procedure to estimate SOC and RAE for a reliable and effective battery management system, and puts forward a model-based strategy to control the battery thermal state in low temperature. Firstly, an LFP battery electrical model based on artificial intelligence is proposed to estimate the terminal voltage, and a thermal resistance model with an EKF estimation algorithm is established to assess the temperature distribution in the battery pack. Then, the electrical and thermal models are coupled, a closed-loop EKF algorithm is employed to estimate the battery SOC, and a fusion method is discussed. The coupled model is simulated under a given protocol and RAE can be obtained. Finally, based on the electrical–thermal coupling model and RAE calculation algorithm, a preheating method and constant power condition-based RAE estimation are discussed, and the thermal management strategy of the battery system under low temperature is formed. Results show that the estimation error of SOC can be controlled within 2% and RAE can be controlled within 4%, respectively. The preheating strategy at low temperature and low SOC can significantly improve the energy output of the battery pack system.

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Section: Introduction 1backgroundsmentioning

confidence: 85%

An Electrical–Thermal Coupling Model with Artificial Intelligence for State of Charge and Residual Available Energy Co-Estimation of LiFePO4 Battery System under Various Temperatures

Mao

Han

et al. 2022

Batteries

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show abstract

“…By implementing proactive balancing strategies for the modular multilevel concept, significant stress mitigation for the battery cells, as well as extended vehicle range and battery lifetime can be achieved [21][22][23]. On the same token, MLIs natively include the functionalities required for bidirectional charging, as described in the following.…”

Section: Modular Multilevel Invertersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional Charging for BEVs with Reconfigurable Battery Systems via a Grid-Parallel Proportional-Resonant Controller

Buberger,

Hohenegger,

Estaller

et al. 2023

Electricity

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This paper investigates the potential of bidirectional charging using modular multilevel inverter-based reconfigurable battery systems via grid-parallel control. The system offers several advantages such as modularity, scalability, and fault-tolerance over conventional battery electric vehicle systems. It is designed for seamless integration with the grid, allowing bidirectional power flow and efficient energy storage. Within this study, the battery system is first simulated in Matlab/Simulink and later implemented into a hardware setup. Eventually, the simulation results and the measurements have been compared and evaluated. Thereby, startup sequences and constant current scenarios were investigated. It has been shown that the system is fully capable to charge and discharge the batteries in the grid-parallel connection, thus enabling bidirectional charging with close to full drive system power. The current total harmonic distortion complies with grid regulations and can potentially improve the grid quality. The proposed system offers significant potential for grid-integrated energy storage systems, addressing the challenges associated with renewable energy integration, grid stability, and energy management. In comparison to other publications on this topic, the proposed approach does not need additional dedicated power electronic hardware and has more degrees of freedom for current control.

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“…It has been noted that reducing network overhead, low-latency communication, and intelligent resource management can be extremely challenging within a VANET context [ 1 ]. Energy and battery management is also one of the major challenges facing recently developed vehicles [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. Therefore, efficiency must be considered in trust management design in order not to overwork the computational resources of a VANET.…”

Section: Vanet Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi-Tier Trust-Based Security Mechanism for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network Communications

Akwirry

Bessis

Malik

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Securing communications in vehicle ad hoc networks is crucial for operations. Messages exchanged in vehicle ad hoc network communications hold critical information such as road safety information, or road accident information and it is essential these packets reach their intended destination without any modification. A significant concern for vehicle ad hoc network communications is that malicious vehicles can intercept or modify messages before reaching their intended destination. This can hamper vehicle ad hoc network operations and create safety concerns. The multi-tier trust management system proposed in this paper addresses the concern of malicious vehicles in the vehicle ad hoc network using three security tiers. The first tier of the proposed system assigns vehicles in the vehicle ad hoc network a trust value based on behaviour such as processing delay, packet loss and prior vehicle behavioural history. This will be done by selecting vehicles as watchdogs to observe the behaviour of neighbouring vehicles and evaluate the trust value. The second tier is to protect the watchdogs, which is done by watchdogs’ behaviour history. The third security tier is to protect the integrity of data used for trust value calculation. Results show that the proposed system is successful in identifying malicious vehicles in the VANET. It also improves the packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay of the vehicle ad hoc network in the presence of malicious vehicles.

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Controlling cabin heating to improve range and battery lifetime of electric vehicles

Cited by 29 publications

References 39 publications

An Electrical–Thermal Coupling Model with Artificial Intelligence for State of Charge and Residual Available Energy Co-Estimation of LiFePO4 Battery System under Various Temperatures

An Electrical–Thermal Coupling Model with Artificial Intelligence for State of Charge and Residual Available Energy Co-Estimation of LiFePO4 Battery System under Various Temperatures

Bidirectional Charging for BEVs with Reconfigurable Battery Systems via a Grid-Parallel Proportional-Resonant Controller

A Multi-Tier Trust-Based Security Mechanism for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network Communications

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