Controlling factors and health risks of groundwater chemistry in a typical alpine watershed based on machine learning methods

Shen, Huigui; Rao, Wenbo; Tan, Hongbing; Guo, Hongye; Ta, Wanquan; Zhang, Xiying

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158737

Cited by 24 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 62 publications

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“…In recent years, many studies have demonstrated that hydrochemical and isotope tracers have the advantage of elucidating the sources of dissolved ions and hydrogeochemical processes that control the chemical variability of groundwater systems (Li et al, 2020; Qu, Duan, et al, 2023; Shen et al, 2021; Yan et al, 2021; Yin et al, 2021; Shen et al, 2023; Zhang, Yu et al, 2021; Zhao et al, 2021). Moreover, hydrochemical characterization can provide valuable information on regional groundwater flow systems (Wang et al, 2021; Yin et al, 2021; Zhang, Yu et al, 2021), water–rock interactions, and groundwater recharge processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical evolution and hydrological zoning characteristics of a shallow groundwater system in Baiyangdian Wetland, North China Plain

Guo,

Wang,

Shi

et al. 2024

Hydrological Processes

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A comprehensive understanding of the hydrochemical evolution and spatial patterns of shallow groundwater systems is essential for water resource management and wetland ecological restoration. The Baiyangdian Wetland is one of the most concerning areas because of the development of the Xiong'an New Area. The spatial characteristics of groundwater hydrochemistry and potential controlling factors associated with hydrochemical evolution remain unclear. In this study, hydrogeochemistry together with the hierarchical cluster analysis were used to elucidate the hydrochemical processes and hydrological zoning patterns of shallow groundwater systems in the Baiyangdian Wetland, North China Plain. The results showed that hydrochemical compositions of shallow groundwater had considerable spatial variations, which was closely related to the inflow rivers hydrochemistry and the dynamics of groundwater–surface water interactions. A significant increase in SO42− concentration occurring at the cone of the depression was related to extensive pumping caused by anthropogenic activities. Anthropogenic activities were also a major factor controlling the spatial distribution patterns of shallow groundwater hydrochemistry. Ca2+, Mg2+, and SO42− in the wetland and shallow groundwater were primarily derived from carbonate and gypsum dissolution, while Na+ and Cl− originated from halite and silicate dissolution. Rock weathering predominated the geochemical evolution of shallow groundwater in conjunction with carbonate precipitation and cation exchange. The hydrochemistry of the shallow groundwater system presented distinct spatial zonation patterns that were classified into four clusters corresponding to seven subzones. In Zones I–IV, water‐rock interaction was the dominant factor controlling shallow groundwater chemistry, which was driven by the positive groundwater–surface water exchange. The coupled effects of anthropogenic activities and river infiltration and mixing caused the high levels of dissolved components in Zones V–VII. This study contributes to have a better understanding of the water cycle and hydraulic connections among different bodies, and will benefit the rational evaluation of hydrochemical evolution and wetland ecological restoration in the Baiyangdian Wetland.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical evolution and hydrological zoning characteristics of a shallow groundwater system in Baiyangdian Wetland, North China Plain

Guo,

Wang,

Shi

et al. 2024

Hydrological Processes

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Deciphering pollution sources and mechanisms controlling groundwater chemistry in a typical dense agricultural plain on Yungui Plateau

Wang,

Xiao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Water Environment Research

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Groundwater is a critical resource for economic growth and livelihoods in the dense agricultural plains of plateaus. However, contaminations from various sources pose significant threats to groundwater quality. Understanding the sources of groundwater contamination and the mechanisms of hydrochemical control is essential for the sustainable development of agriculturally intensive plains. This research utilizes 23 datasets of groundwater chemical measurements to apply hierarchical clustering analysis, positive matrix factorization, and hydrochemical analysis techniques. Through these methods, the study identifies the sources of groundwater contamination and deciphers the hydrochemical control mechanisms within a representative intensive agricultural plain region of Yungui Plateau. The finds indicate that groundwater in the plain primarily derives from the rainfall occurred in the surrounding mountains. During the long underground flow process, groundwater undergoes water–rock interactions and ion exchanges with various lithological strata, resulting in the formation of distinct hydrochemical types. As it traverses regions influenced by human activities, groundwater encounters varying levels and types of contamination. Consequently, there is a notable variation in groundwater quality across different areas of the plain. Groundwater is dominated by the hydrochemical faces of HCO3‐Ca type in the southern part of the plain. Groundwater in the piedmont region of this part exhibits the highest quality, acting as the baseline for the overall groundwater quality of the plain. Groundwater in agricultural areas of this part is severely polluted by nitrate‐rich agricultural wastewater. In the central urban area, under the control of municipal wastewater discharge and denitrification, groundwater is to some extent polluted by NH4+. In the northern sector of the plain, groundwater chemistry exhibits greater diversity due to variations in geological strata and exposure to a range of pollution sources. The majority of the regions are contaminated with SO42− and Cl− and present a predominance of Cl‐Na type for groundwater hydrochemical facies. Groundwater at the northernmost end is polluted by NO2−, NH4+, and P. In addition, there is also a small amount of groundwater near the lake that is heavily polluted by fertilizers. This study provides valuable insights for the development of sound groundwater management strategies, applicable not only to the current agricultural plain but also to analogous regions worldwide.Practitioner Points This study probed the impact of agricultural pollution on the groundwater hydrochemistry in a cultivated plain. The research pinpointed the origins and contributions of groundwater chemicals in the cultivated agricultural plain. A conceptual model was established to illustrate groundwater chemistry formation in an intensive agricultural irrigation plain on Yungui Plateau.

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Hydrogeochemical and isotopic evolution of groundwater in shallow and deep aquifers of the Kabul Plain, Afghanistan

Zaryab,

Farahmand,

Nassery

et al. 2023

Environ Geochem Health

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Controlling factors and health risks of groundwater chemistry in a typical alpine watershed based on machine learning methods

Cited by 24 publications

References 62 publications

Hydrochemical evolution and hydrological zoning characteristics of a shallow groundwater system in Baiyangdian Wetland, North China Plain

Hydrochemical evolution and hydrological zoning characteristics of a shallow groundwater system in Baiyangdian Wetland, North China Plain

Deciphering pollution sources and mechanisms controlling groundwater chemistry in a typical dense agricultural plain on Yungui Plateau

Hydrogeochemical and isotopic evolution of groundwater in shallow and deep aquifers of the Kabul Plain, Afghanistan

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