Conventional and Advanced Oxidation Processes Used in Disinfection of Treated Urban Wastewater

Rodríguez-Chueca, Jorge; Ormad, María P.; Mosteo, Rosa; Sarasa, Judith; Ovelleiro, J.L.

doi:10.2175/106143014x13987223590362

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…TiO 2 photocatalysis and photo-Fenton are by far the most studied AOPs that have been shown to be capable of removing chemical pollutants [ 11 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ] and pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa [ 7 , 9 , 10 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. In TiO 2 photocatalysis, free hydroxyl •OH radicals are generated upon irradiation of a catalytic semiconductor, such as TiO 2 , with near-UV light of wavelengths < 385 nm [ 23 ]:

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Section: Simultaneous Pathogen Inactivation and Pollutant Degradatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar-Enhanced Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment: Simultaneous Removal of Pathogens and Chemical Pollutants

Tsydenova

Batoev

Батоева

2015

IJERPH

118

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The review explores the feasibility of simultaneous removal of pathogens and chemical pollutants by solar-enhanced advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). The AOPs are based on in-situ generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), most notably hydroxyl radicals •OH, that are capable of destroying both pollutant molecules and pathogen cells. The review presents evidence of simultaneous removal of pathogens and chemical pollutants by photocatalytic processes, namely TiO2 photocatalysis and photo-Fenton. Complex water matrices with high loads of pathogens and chemical pollutants negatively affect the efficiency of disinfection and pollutant removal. This is due to competition between chemical substances and pathogens for generated ROS. Other possible negative effects include light screening, competitive photon absorption, adsorption on the catalyst surface (thereby inhibiting its photocatalytic activity), etc. Besides, some matrix components may serve as nutrients for pathogens, thus hindering the disinfection process. Each type of water/wastewater would require a tailor-made approach and the variables that were shown to influence the processes—catalyst/oxidant concentrations, incident radiation flux, and pH—need to be adjusted in order to achieve the required degree of pollutant and pathogen removal. Overall, the solar-enhanced AOPs hold promise as an environmentally-friendly way to substitute or supplement conventional water/wastewater treatment, particularly in areas without access to centralized drinking water or sewage/wastewater treatment facilities.

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…”

Section: Simultaneous Pathogen Inactivation and Pollutant Degradatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar-Enhanced Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment: Simultaneous Removal of Pathogens and Chemical Pollutants

Tsydenova

Batoev

Батоева

2015

IJERPH

118

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“…Hydrolysates thus obtained might contain amino acids and sugars that may be directly assimilated by microalgae or duckweeds (Markou et al, 2014) offering an attractive source of organics for mixotrophic or heterotrophic growth. Chlorination is the most cost-effective process for wastewater disinfection (Amin et al, 2013;Rodríguez-Chueca et al, 2015); however the main drawback is the formation of toxic and carcinogenic by-products. Moreover, although chlorination is very Data summarized from (Bicudo and Goyal, 2003;Costantini et al, 2007;Kumar et al, 2013;Manyi-Loh et al, 2016;Sahlström, 2003;Spencer and Guan, 2004;Ziemer et al, 2010).…”

Section: Chemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using agro-industrial wastes for the cultivation of microalgae and duckweeds: Contamination risks and biomass safety concerns

Μάρκου

Wang

et al. 2018

Biotechnology Advances

141

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Aquatic organisms, such as microalgae (Chlorella, Arthrospira (Spirulina), Tetrasselmis, Dunalliela etc.) and duckweed (Lemna spp., Wolffia spp. etc.) are a potential source for the production of protein-rich biomass and for numerous other high-value compounds (fatty acids, pigments, vitamins etc.). Their cultivation using agro-industrial wastes and wastewater (WaW) is of particular interest in the context of a circular economy, not only for recycling valuable nutrients but also for reducing the requirements for fresh water for the production of biomass. Recovery and recycling of nutrients is an unavoidable long-term approach for securing future food and feed production. Agro-industrial WaW are rich in nutrients and have been widely considered as a potential nutrient source for the cultivation of microalgae/duckweed. However, they commonly contain various hazardous contaminants, which could potentially taint the produced biomass, raising various concerns about the safety of their consumption. Herein, an overview of the most important contaminants, including heavy metals and metalloids, pathogens (bacteria, viruses, parasites etc.), and xenobiotics (hormones, antibiotics, parasiticides etc.) is given. It is concluded that pretreatment and processing of WaW is a requisite step for the removal of several contaminants. Among the various technologies, anaerobic digestion (AD) is widely used in practice and offers a technologically mature approach for WaW treatment. During AD, various organic and biological contaminants are significantly removed. Further removal of contaminants could be achieved by post-treatment and processing of digestates (solid/liquid separation, dilution etc.) to further decrease the concentration of contaminants. Moreover, during cultivation an additional removal may occur through various mechanisms, such as precipitation, degradation, and biotransformation. Since many jurisdictions regulate the presence of various contaminants in feed or food setting strict safety monitoring processes, it would be of particular interest to initiate a multi-disciplinary discussion whether agro-industrial WaW ought to be used to cultivate microalgae/duckweed for feed or food production and identify most feasible options for doing this safely. Based on the current body of knowledge it is estimated that AD and post-treatment of WaW can lower significantly the risks associated with heavy metals and pathogens, but it is yet unclear to what extent this is the case for certain persistent xenobiotics.

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“…Nevertheless, the reaction of these oxidants with organic matter can form carcinogenic halogenated DBPs. AOPs emerged as an important technology for DW treatment without the formation of DBPs 108 . The oxidation power of conventional and advanced processes is very important in the degradation of ECs in DWTPs 92,93,96,100,109,110 .…”

Section: Filtration Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging contaminants affect the microbiome of water systems—strategies for their mitigation

et al. 2020

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The presence of emerging contaminants (ECs) in the environment has been consistently recognized as a worldwide concern. ECs may be defined as chemicals or materials found in the environment at trace concentrations with potential, perceived, or real risk to the “One Health” trilogy (environment, human, and animal health). The main concern regarding pharmaceuticals and in particular antibiotics is the widespread dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. Nevertheless, non-antimicrobials also interact with microorganisms in both bulk phase and in biofilms. In fact, drugs not developed for antimicrobial chemotherapy can exert an antimicrobial action and, therefore, a selective pressure on microorganisms. This review aims to provide answers to questions typically ignored in epidemiological and environmental monitoring studies with a focus on water systems, particularly drinking water (DW): Do ECs exposure changes the behavior of environmental microorganisms? May non-antibiotic ECs affect tolerance to antimicrobials? Do ECs interfere with biofilm function? Are ECs-induced changes in microbial behavior of public health concern? Nowadays, the answers to these questions are still very limited. However, this study demonstrates that some ECs have significant effects in microbial behavior. The most studied ECs are pharmaceuticals, particularly antibiotics, carbamazepine and diclofenac. The pressure caused by antibiotic and other antimicrobial agents on the acquisition and spread of antibiotic resistance seems to be unquestionable. However, regarding the effects of ECs on the development and behavior of biofilms, the conclusions of different studies are still controversial. The dissimilar findings propose that standardized tests are needed for an accurate assessment on the effects of ECs in the microbiome of water systems. The variability of experimental conditions, combined with the presence of mixtures of ECs as well as the lack of information about the effects of non-pharmaceutical ECs constitute the main challenge to be overcome in order to improve ECs prioritization.

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Conventional and Advanced Oxidation Processes Used in Disinfection of Treated Urban Wastewater

Cited by 26 publications

References 33 publications

Solar-Enhanced Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment: Simultaneous Removal of Pathogens and Chemical Pollutants

Solar-Enhanced Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment: Simultaneous Removal of Pathogens and Chemical Pollutants

Using agro-industrial wastes for the cultivation of microalgae and duckweeds: Contamination risks and biomass safety concerns

Emerging contaminants affect the microbiome of water systems—strategies for their mitigation

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