Convergence between the real and the augmented: Experiences and perceptions in location-based games

Laato, Samuli; Inaba, Nobufumi; Hamari, Juho

doi:10.1016/j.tele.2021.101716

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The interplay between the physical world and the online world connected to it, can take many shapes and sizes, but the central components of locations and social connections remain (Papangelis et al, 2020;Schwartz and Halegoua, 2015;Tussyadiah, 2012). In LBGs it is crucial to have sensor-data of the players' real world location so it can be represented in the digital realm (Laato et al, 2021b). The digital world then becomes a parallel and additional layer of reality (Jensen et al, 2019), and while the territorial conflict takes place in this realm, it influences player behaviour, movement and attitudes in the physical world as well (Liberati, 2018).…”

Section: Background 21 Territoriality In Location-based Gamesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some LBGs also use this data as part of the game. For example, the popular LBG, Pok emon GO, alters game content based on all four aspects, increasing the convergence between the game and the physical world (Laato et al, 2021b). By contrast, other LBGs may only loosely tie game mechanics to the physical world.…”

Section: Background 21 Territoriality In Location-based Gamesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These two behaviours are interlinked with the player's life outside the game. For example, a permanent residency and workplace significantly influence the player's movement also in-game (Laato et al, 2021b). As playing mostly occurs as part of the players' regular lives (Dunham, 2021;Laato et al, 2021b), a purely nomadic approach to playing is only possible if the player practises that lifestyle also in the real world, or refrains from playing unless in extraordinary situations such as vocational travelling or holidays.…”

Section: Background 21 Territoriality In Location-based Gamesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, 2020; Schwartz and Halegoua, 2015; Tussyadiah, 2012). In LBGs it is crucial to have sensor-data of the players' real world location so it can be represented in the digital realm (Laato et al. , 2021b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, 2021b). As playing mostly occurs as part of the players' regular lives (Dunham, 2021; Laato et al. , 2021b), a purely nomadic approach to playing is only possible if the player practises that lifestyle also in the real world, or refrains from playing unless in extraordinary situations such as vocational travelling or holidays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Territorial or nomadic? Geo-social determinants of location-based IT use: a study in Pokémon GO

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PurposeLocation-based games (LBGs) have afforded novel information technology (IT) developments in how people interact with the physical world. Namely, LBGs have spurred a wave of territoriality (i.e. controlling) and exploration (i.e. discovering) of augmented physical space that are driven by different social dynamics related to group formation, social connectivity and altruism. The aim of this study is to investigate this dynamic and how it is further related to the use intensity of location-based IT.Design/methodology/approachThis work presents a structural equation model that connects social dimensions of play to territorial control and exploration, and playing intensity. The model was tested with sychometric data gathered from a global sample of Pokémon GO players (N = 515).FindingsIn the tested sample, players' social self-efficacy and altruism were positively associated with team identification. Team identification, in turn, was positively associated with both territorial control and exploration tendency. Territorial control had a significant relationship with playing intensity; however, exploration tendency did not. This implies territorial control is the stronger predictor of playing intensity.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that human primal urges to conquer and control geographical territory may surface in the digital reimagination of physical space. LBGs offer opportunities for making use of new forms of play (territorial control and exploration) in motivating locative behaviours.Originality/valueThis research quantifies the relationships between a social predisposition, team identification, territorial control, exploration tendency and playing intensity in the context of Pokémon GO. It contributes new knowledge to the understanding of territorial behaviour (control and exploration) in location-based IT.

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