Conversion of wet microalgae to biodiesel with microalgae carbon based magnetic solid acid catalyst

Shen, Yu; Zhang, Qi; X, Sun; Zhang, Yingshi; Cai, Qilin; Deng, Weifeng; Rao, Shuhui; Wu, Xi; Ye, Qing

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2023.117022

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…However, an increase in residual oil content was observed when the solvent-to-oil mass ratio exceeded 5.2:1. The addition of a small amount of isopropyl alcohol was beneficial in reducing the start-up time of the extraction, promoting the entry of the oil into the organic phase at the interface and improving the extraction efficiency . However, excessive isopropyl alcohol would lead to poor separation between oil and sludge, and high molecular weight oils were insoluble in the solvent with a high content of isopropyl alcohol, which was detrimental to the extraction of the oil .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of a small amount of isopropyl alcohol was beneficial in reducing the start-up time of the extraction, promoting the entry of the oil into the organic phase at the interface and improving the extraction efficiency. 32 However, excessive isopropyl alcohol would lead to poor separation between oil and sludge, and high molecular weight oils were insoluble in the solvent with a high content of isopropyl alcohol, which was detrimental to the extraction of the oil. 27 The extraction of CRS using pure isopropyl alcohol resulted in a residual oil content of 92.1% in the extracted solids, indicating that alcohols are not ideal solvents for oil recovery from CRS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on the Formation Mechanism of Cold-Rolled Sludge and the Biodiesel Production from Sludge

Zhou,

Jiang,

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Cold-rolled sludge (CRS) has become a challenge due to its large volumetric capacity and high toxicity and is difficult to be degraded under natural conditions. This article aims to explore the feasibility of the solvent extraction method for recovering oil and fat from CRS and utilizing it as a raw material to prepare biodiesel with the application of a homogeneous catalyst H2SO4 to mediate esterification and transesterification. The formation mechanism of CRS was proposed with its detailed analysis; hydroxylates were preferentially adsorbed on the metal surface by hydrogen bonds, and free fatty acids were hooked by carbon chains to form a second layer of adsorption. It revealed the reason for the residual oil content on the surface of the extracted solid phase. Experimental data represented an optimum biodiesel yield of 96.5% at a catalyst dosage of 25 wt %, a reaction time of 24 h, a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 70:1, and a reaction temperature of 60 °C. The main properties of the biodiesel were tested and confirmed to meet ASTM D6751 standards.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Formation Mechanism of Cold-Rolled Sludge and the Biodiesel Production from Sludge

Zhou,

Jiang,

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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“…ZnIn 2 S 4 prepared in ethanol (ZIS-1) was characterised as having the highest photocurrent density. The direct C-H azoation of N-heterocyclic compounds (including quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones, quinazoline, and 2H-benzo[b]- [1,4]oxazin-2-ones) was achieved in an air atmosphere under 456 nm blue light, using ZIS-1 as a photocatalyst. More importantly, the ZIS-1 microsphere photocatalyst was stable during the catalytic process and could be used at least five times with no change in reactivity.…”

Section: Scheme 29 Piezochemically-driven Decarboxylation Coupling Of...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the development of high performance heterogeneous catalytic reactions, a wide range of heterogeneous catalysts have been developed, including solid acid catalysts, organic base catalysts, metal catalysts, metal oxide catalysts, complex catalysts, rare earth catalysts, molecular sieve catalysts, biocatalysts, nanocatalysts, single-atom catalysts [ 3 ], and more. Ye and Wu et al [ 4 ] recently used microalgal carbon-based magnetic solid acid catalysts to catalyse the production of biodiesel from wet microalgae. Fu et al [ 5 ] used solid acid catalysts integrated with ceramic membranes to facilitate amine-based CO 2 desorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Direct C–H Functionalization of Quinoxalin-2(1H)-Ones via Heterogeneous Catalysis Reactions

Yang

Wang

et al. 2023

Molecules

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In recent years, Web of Science has published nearly one hundred reports per year on quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones, which have attracted great interest due to their wide applications in pharmaceutical and materials fields, especially in recyclable heterogeneous catalytic reactions for direct C–H functionalisation. This review summarises for the first time the methods and reaction mechanisms of heterogeneous catalytic reactions of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones, including six major types of heterogeneous catalysts involved. The heterogeneous reactions of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones are summarised by classifying different types of catalytic materials (graphitic phase carbon nitride, MOF, COF, ion exchange resin, piezoelectric materials, and microsphere catalysis). In addition, this review discusses the future development of heterogeneous catalytic reactions of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones, including the construction of C-B/Si/P/RF/X/Se bonds by heterogeneous catalytic reactions, the enrichment of heterogeneous catalysts such as metal oxides, graphene-based composites, doped metal nanoparticles, and molecular sieve-based porous materials, asymmetric synthesis, and other areas. The aim of this review is to contribute to the development of green and sustainable heterogeneous reaction methods for quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with applications in materials chemistry and pharmacology.

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“…Renewable biodiesel can be effectively produced using lipids derived from microalgae. − Typically, fatty acids in biodiesel contain carbon chains with lengths spanning from 14 to 18 carbon atoms (C 14 –C 18 ) . However, microalgae such as Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Monodus subterraneus, and Nannochloropsis also harbor valuable byproducts, notably polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Expression and Application of a Modified Rhizomucor miehei Lipase for Simultaneous Production of Biodiesel and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Ethyl Ester from Nannochloropsis Oil

Lu,

Qian,

Zhu

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Few reports exist on one-step enzymatic methods for the simultaneous production of biodiesel and eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-EE), a high-value pharmaceutical compound. This study aimed to efficiently express Rhizomucor miehei lipase (pRML) in Pichia pastoris X-33 via propeptide mutation and high-copy strain screening. The mutated enzyme was then used to simultaneously catalyze the production of both biodiesel and EPA-EE. The P46N mutation in the propeptide (P46N-pRML) significantly boosted its production, with the four-copy strain increasing enzyme yield by 3.7-fold, reaching 3425 U/mL. Meanwhile, its optimal temperature increased to 45−50 °C, pH expanded to 7.0−8.0, specific activity doubled, K m reduced to one-third, and k cat /K m increased 7-fold. Notably, P46N-pRML efficiently converts Nannochloropsis gaditana oil's eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Under optimal conditions, it achieves up to 93% biodiesel and 92% EPA-EE yields in 9 h. Our study introduces a novel, efficient one-step green method to produce both biodiesel and EPA-EE using this advanced enzyme.

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Conversion of wet microalgae to biodiesel with microalgae carbon based magnetic solid acid catalyst

Cited by 20 publications

References 48 publications

Study on the Formation Mechanism of Cold-Rolled Sludge and the Biodiesel Production from Sludge

Study on the Formation Mechanism of Cold-Rolled Sludge and the Biodiesel Production from Sludge

Recent Developments in Direct C–H Functionalization of Quinoxalin-2(1H)-Ones via Heterogeneous Catalysis Reactions

Efficient Expression and Application of a Modified Rhizomucor miehei Lipase for Simultaneous Production of Biodiesel and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Ethyl Ester from Nannochloropsis Oil

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