Converting a Conventional Car into a Hybrid Solar Vehicle: a LCA Approach

Tiano, Francesco Antonio; Rizzo, Gianfranco; Feo, Giovanni De; Landolfi, Silvio

doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.10.035

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Solar energy can be benefited in various ways. In addition to the several applications of solar energy such as in heating buildings [92], heating water [93], ventilation [92,94] and even vehicular purposes like in cars [95], or bicycles [96], which are beyond the scope of this article, solar electricity has attracted significant attention in the past years. It can be divided into two main categories of PV solar system and Concentrated Solar Power (CSP).…”

Section: History and Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind and Solar Intermittency and the Associated Integration Challenges: A Comprehensive Review Including the Status in the Belgian Power System

et al. 2021

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Renewable Energy Sources (RES) have drawn significant attention in the past years to make the transition towards low carbon emissions. On the one hand, the intermittent nature of RES, resulting in variable power generation, hinders their high-level penetration in the power system. On the other hand, RES can aid not only to supply much more eco-friendly energy but also it allows the power system to enhance its stability by ancillary service provision. This article reviews the challenges related to the most intermittent RES utilised in Belgium, that is, wind energy and solar energy. Additionally, wind speed and solar irradiance variations, which are the cause of wind and solar intermittency, are studied. Then, recent techniques to forecast their changes, and approaches to accommodate or mitigate their impacts on the power system, are discussed. Finally, the latest statistics and future situation of RES in the Belgian power system are evaluated.

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Section: History and Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind and Solar Intermittency and the Associated Integration Challenges: A Comprehensive Review Including the Status in the Belgian Power System

et al. 2021

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“…The electrical energy stored in the batteries is supplied to an electric propulsion system for obtaining propulsion power via the motor. To reach the full potential in mitigating emissions, the electricity is proposed to be charged from the shore connection when ship is at berth rather than using onboard generators [19]. Given that the case ship is originally equipped with diesel mechanical propulsion systems, a schematic diagram of the mechanical propulsion system is shown in Figure 4.…”

Section: J Mar Sci Eng 2020 8 580 5 Of 27mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Lifecycle Environmental Benefits of Full Battery Powered Ships: Comparative Analysis of Marine Diesel and Electricity

Jeong

Jeon

Kim

et al. 2020

JMSE

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The paper aims to investigate the holistic environmental benefits of using a battery system on a roll on/roll off (ro-ro) passenger ship which was originally fitted with a diesel engine engaged in Korean coastal service. The process of this research has multiple layers. First, the operating profiles of the case ship were collected, such as speed, output, operation time and the configuration of the diesel propulsion system. Second, the full battery propulsion system, in place of the diesel system, was modelled and simulated on a power simulation software (PSIM) platform to verify the adequacy of the proposed battery propulsion system. Then, the life cycle assessment method was applied to comprehensively compare the environmental footprint of the diesel-mechanical and fully battery-powered vessels. A focus was placed on the life cycle of the energy sources consumed by the case ship in consideration of the South Korea’s current energy importation and production status. Three life cycle stages were considered in the analysis: ‘production’, ‘transport’ and ‘use’. With the aid of Sphera GaBi Software Version 2019 and its extensive data library, the environmental impacts at the energy production and transport stages were evaluated, while the same impacts at the use stage were determined based on actual laboratory measurements. The environmental performance of the two scenarios in four impact categories was discussed: global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP) and photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP). Results of the comparative analysis are presented based on estimates of the overall reduction in the environmental impact potential, thereby demonstrating the overall benefits of using a battery driven propulsion, with a decrease of the GWP by 35.7%, the AP by 77.6%, the EP by 87.8% and the POCP by 77.2%. A series of sensitivity analyses, however, has delivered the important message that the integration of batteries with marine transportation means may not always be the best solution. The types of energy sources used for electricity generation will be a key factor in determining whether the battery technology can ultimately contribute to cleaner shipping or not. By casting doubts on the benefits of battery propulsion, this paper is believed to offer a meaningful insight into developing a proper road map for electrifying ship propulsion toward zero emission of shipping.

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“…Upgrading conventional vehicles to Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) can represent a viable and feasible way to reduce fuel consumption and emissions, particularly in urban areas, avoiding a premature and massive scrapping of conventional cars. The "reuse" of the car, in a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) perspective, allows reducing the impact on CO 2 and energy consumption due to a premature dismissal of the car [19][20][21]. Some cases reported in literature are presented in the following.…”

Section: Vehicle Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Through-the-Road Hybrid Electric Vehicles

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) can be divided into three categories according to how the two propulsion systems (the thermal and the electric ones) supply the driving torque to the vehicle. When the torque is supplied only by an electric propulsion system, while the heat engine takes care of generating the electricity needed to operate the system, it is called a hybrid-series. Conversely, when both propulsion systems provide torque, the vehicle is identified with parallel hybrid wording. Among the parallel hybrids there is a particular configuration called Through-the-Road (TTR). In this configuration, the two propulsion systems are not mechanically connected to each other, but it is precisely the road that allows hybrid propulsion. This architecture, dating back to the early twentieth century, is still used by several manufacturers and carries with it peculiar configurations and control methods. It is also a configuration that fits well with the transformation of conventional vehicles into a hybrid. The paper presents a survey of the TTR HEV solution, evidencing applications, potentialities and limits.

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Converting a Conventional Car into a Hybrid Solar Vehicle: a LCA Approach

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Wind and Solar Intermittency and the Associated Integration Challenges: A Comprehensive Review Including the Status in the Belgian Power System

Wind and Solar Intermittency and the Associated Integration Challenges: A Comprehensive Review Including the Status in the Belgian Power System

Evaluation of the Lifecycle Environmental Benefits of Full Battery Powered Ships: Comparative Analysis of Marine Diesel and Electricity

A Survey on Through-the-Road Hybrid Electric Vehicles

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