Converting Waste Plastic to Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers

Abstract

The accumulation of waste plastics in landfills and the environment, as well as the contribution of plastics manufacturing to global warming, call for the development of new technologies that would enable circularity for synthetic polymers. Thus far, emerging approaches for chemical recycling of plastics have largely focused on producing fuels, lubricants, and/or monomers. In a recent study, Junde Wei and colleagues demonstrated a new catalytic system capable of converting oxygen‐containing aromatic plastic waste into liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs), which can be used for hydrogen storage. The authors utilized Ru−ReOx/SiO2 materials with zeolite HZSM‐5 as a co‐catalyst for the direct hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of oxygen‐containing aromatic plastic wastes that yield cycloalkanes as LOHCs with a theoretical hydrogen capacity of ≈5.74 wt % under mild reaction conditions. Subsequent efficiency and stability tests of cycloalkane dehydrogenation over Pt/Al2O3 validated that the HDO products can serve as LOHCs to generate H2 gas. Overall, their approach not only opens doors to alleviating the severe burden of plastic waste globally, but also offers a way to generate clean energy and ease the challenges associated with hydrogen storage and transportation.