Cooldown Transients in Cryogenic Transfer Lines

a b s t r a c tTo enable future in-space cryogenic fuel depots, efficient methods are required for the tank chilldown and transfer process to minimize the amount of consumed propellant. This paper presents a transient charge-hold-vent (CHV) analytical model which is compared against the single set of liquid hydrogen tank chilldown data. The model solves conservation of mass and energy, uses quasi-unsteady steps in time to simulate natural convection and jet impingement heat transfer, and tracks two-phase fluid thermodynamic properties as the chilldown process evolves. The additional cooling potential made available through a cyclic tank venting process is also calculated in the code. The flexible code can simulate multiple CHV cycles, be used to optimize tank geometry and nozzle location, and provide predictions on the amount of propellant mass used for each cycle. This model compares within 7% of the liquid hydrogen tank chilldown experimental data.Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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“…The characteristic lengths used in Rayleigh and Nusselt number calculations are found in Eqs. (24) and (25).…”

Section: Tankmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development and validation of an analytical charge–hold–vent model for cryogenic tank chilldown

Keefer

Hartwig

2016

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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“…Studies on cryogenic chilldown started in the 1960's accompanying the development of rocket launching systems. Early experimental studies were conducted by Burke et al [1], Graham [2], Bronson et al [3], Chi and Vetere [4], Steward [5] among other researches. Bronson et al [3] studied flow regimes in a horizontal pipe during chilldown with liquid hydrogen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Steward [5] developed a homogeneous flow model for cryogenic chilldown. The model treated the cryogenic fluid as a Proceedings of HT2005 2005 ASME Summer Heat Transfer Conference July [17][18][19][20][21][22]2005, San Francisco, California, USA…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic Chilldown Model for Stratified Flow Inside a Pipe

Liao

Yuan

Mei

et al. 2005

Heat Transfer: Volume 2

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A pseudo-steady model has been developed to predict the chilldown history of the pipe wall temperature in horizontal transport pipelines for cryogenic fluids. A new film boiling heat transfer model is developed by incorporating the stratified flow structure for cryogenic chilldown. A modified nucleate boiling heat transfer correlation for the cryogenic chilldown process inside a horizontal pipe is proposed. The efficacy of the correlations is assessed by comparing the model predictions with measured values of wall temperature in several azimuthal positions in a well controlled experiment by Chung et al. (2004). The computed pipe wall temperature histories match well with the measured results. The present model captures important features of thermal interaction between the pipe wall and the cryogenic fluid, provides a simple and robust platform for predicting the pipe wall chilldown history in a long horizontal pipe at relatively low computational cost, and builds a foundation to incorporate the two-phase hydrodynamic interaction in the chilldown process.

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“…[2] Steward et al modeled chilldown numerically using a finite difference formulation of the one-dimensional, unsteady mass, momentum, and energy equation. [3] Heat transfer coefficients were determined using superposition of single-phase forced convection correlations and pool boiling correlations for both nucleate and film boiling. In recent years, a task has been undertaken at Marshall Space Flight Center to develop the Generalized Fluid System Simulation Program (GFSSP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Modeling of Thermofluid Transients During Chilldown of Cryogenic Transfer Lines

Majumdar¹,

Steadman²

2003

SAE Technical Paper Series

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This paper describes the application of a finite volume procedure for a fluid network to predict thermofluid transients during chilldown of cryogenic transfer lines. The conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy and the equation of state for real fluids are solved in a fluid network consisting of nodes and branches. The numerical procedure is capable of modeling phase change and heat transfer between solid and fluid. This paper also presents the numerical solution of pressure surges during rapid valve opening without heat transfer. The numerical predictions of the chilldown process have been compared with experimental data.

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Cooldown Transients in Cryogenic Transfer Lines

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Development and validation of an analytical charge–hold–vent model for cryogenic tank chilldown

Development and validation of an analytical charge–hold–vent model for cryogenic tank chilldown

Cryogenic Chilldown Model for Stratified Flow Inside a Pipe

Numerical Modeling of Thermofluid Transients During Chilldown of Cryogenic Transfer Lines

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