Cooperation-88: A High Yielding, Multi-Purpose, Late Blight Resistant Cultivar Growing in Southwest China

Abstract

Cooperation-88 (C88) is a high yielding potato cultivar with durable resistance to Phytophthora infestans Mont. de Bary and excellent virus resistance. This has permitted the cultivar to rapidly increase its production area in Yunnan Province of China, as well as in neighboring provinces and countries. C88 is the result of a cross between I-1085, a clone from India selected for late blight (LB) resistance in Mexico and distributed by the International Potato Center (CIP), and a bulk pollen of a poorly adapted but highly LB resistant population with its origin in Solanum andigena from CIP Peru. C88 has excellent vegetative growth; it is late maturing under the long day summer growing season in Yunnan Province. It is much earlier maturing under the low elevation and warmer winter season of Yunnan. Experimental yields ranged from 23 to 55 t/ha, out-yielding the control cultivar Mira by 5% to 76%. Tuber quality is excellent, garnering a premium price in the markets. C88 has also become the preferred cultivar for the chipping potato industry, which uses medium-sized tubers, while the larger ones go for the fresh table market. Current estimates place the total area under production at 390,000 ha in Yunnan and its neighboring provinces, making C88 one of the most widely grown cultivars in the world today, less than 15 years after release.Resumen Cooperation-88 (C88) es una variedad de papa de alto rendimiento con resistencia durable a Phytophthora infestans Mont. de Bary y de excelente resistencia a virus. Esto le ha permitido un rápido incremento en el área de producción en la Provincia de Yunnan en China, así como también en provincias y países vecinos. C88 es el resultado de una cruza entre I-1085, un clon de la India seleccionado para resistencia al tizón tardío (TT) en México y distribuido por el Centro Internacional de la Papa (CIP), y polen masivo de una población de pobre adaptación, pero altamente resistente al TT, con su origen en Solanum andigena del CIP, en Perú. C88 tiene un excelente crecimiento vegetativo; es tardía bajo el ciclo de cultivo de día largo del verano en la Provincia de Yunnan. Es de madurez mucho más temprana en elevaciones bajas y en la estación de inviernos cálidos de Yunnan. Los rendimientos experimentales variaron de 23 a 55 t/ha, superando a la variedad testigo Mira por 5% a 76%. La calidad del tubérculo es excelente, mereciendo precios preferenciales en los mercados. C88 también se ha convertido en la variedad preferida para la industria del freído de la papa, que utiliza tubérculos de tamaño medio, mientras que los grandes van al mercado fresco. Las estimaciones actuales ubican al área bajo producción en 390,000 ha en Yunnan y en las provincias vecinas, haciendo de C88 una de las variedades más ampliamente sembradas en el mundo hoy, a menos de quince años de su liberación.

The Solanum demissum R8 late blight resistance gene is an Sw-5 homologue that has been deployed worldwide in late blight resistant varieties

“…Despite the potentially good durability perspectives of R8 in late blight resistance breeding, we anticipate that, upon large-scale cultivation, resistance based only on R8 will sooner or later be overcome. It is known that the resistance levels of varieties with large acreage China gradually decline (Li et al 2010 ). So, late blight resistant varieties must be deployed only in combination with a resistance management strategy.…”

“…Nicotiana benthamiana was maintained as seed stock. PB-06 (387132.2*387170.9), S-60 (393075.54* 391679.7), and C-88 (Li et al 2010 ) were maintained at Yunan University. Jacqueline Lee (Tollocan*Chaleur; Douches et al 2001 ) and Missaukee (Tollocan*NY88; Douches et al 2009 ) were maintained at Michigan State University.…”

Emerging New Crop Pests: Ecological Modelling and Analysis of the South American Potato Psyllid Russelliana solanicola (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) and Its Wild Relatives

“…China is the world’s leading producer of potatoes [76] and the Ministry of Agriculture has recently (early 2015, see http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2015-01/09/content_19278303.htm) indicated a desire for increase in cultivation and consumption of potatoes in the country. New varieties developed specifically for use in both low and high elevation areas of southwestern China [77] are contributing to a dramatic increase in area under potato cultivation in both winter and summer growing seasons. Although new varieties are highly resistant to a number of common pathogenic diseases [77] producers may need to consider the risks and prevention of R .…”

“…New varieties developed specifically for use in both low and high elevation areas of southwestern China [77] are contributing to a dramatic increase in area under potato cultivation in both winter and summer growing seasons. Although new varieties are highly resistant to a number of common pathogenic diseases [77] producers may need to consider the risks and prevention of R . solanicola invasion and concomitant disease risk; our models indicate these regions as climatically suitable for, but not yet occupied by, R .…”

The Top 10 oomycete pathogens in molecular plant pathology

“…More than 130 years later, breeding efforts have yet to provide a durable solution. Occasionally, local successes are reported; for example, variety C88, widely cultivated in China for over a decade, retains its resistance (Li et al, 2011). Many resistance (R) genes effective against races of P. infestans have been identified (Rodewald and Trognitz, 2013).…”