Cooperative project for CFD prediction of pedestrian wind environment in the Architectural Institute of Japan

Comparative analysis of numerical and experimental studies of the airflow around the sample of urban development

“…A model of turbulence was k-ε realizable [22], which is an extension of the standard k-ε model [5,7,8,14]. It belongs to the group of RANS methods in which the motion of the fluid is described by the equation based on the parameters of the time-averaged flow rate.…”

“…This branch allows to explore and consequently to optimize airflow around buildings and urban structures [1,2]. Microclimate phenomena associated with the airflow around buildings have become of particular interest in the recent years [3][4][5][6]. Nowadays quality requirements concerning microclimate conditions (proper ventilation, elimination of rapid air movement in pedestrian area, protection against noise and cooling caused by the wind, reduction of deposition odors and dirt accumulation) [7] imply the need for aerodynamic testing in the initial phase of design process, where decisions concerning shapes of the objects are made.…”

“…Such examples as: freestanding solids [13][14][15][16], regular alignment of solids [3,17], the space between the two walls showing the street model [18], are often referred. However publications concerning more complex geometric structures, which take into account the surrounding development and as such are closer to the real problems met in architectural design, are relatively rare [5,19,20]. Reports on complex assemblies for urban development, containing experimental verification of numerical models are scarce.…”

A model-based data-interpretation framework for improving wind predictions around buildings

“…For the k ε − model, profiles have been proposed by Richards and Hoxey [26]. They are expressed in Equation (6), Equation (7) and Equation (8).…”

“…These equations are time-averaged or ensembleaveraged equations of the fluid-flow motion. Large discrepancies have been observed in wakes of buildings when predictions of RANS-based simulations are compared with wind-tunnel experiments [7,8]. Wind-tunnel experiments are usually employed to evaluate the performance of approximate equations of fluid-flow solved in CFD simulations because values of parameters are known (e.g.…”