Cooperative Sensing Assisted Cross layer QoS Assured Routing in Cognitive Radio Adhoc Networks: Ensuring Security and Privacy

Abstract

Achieving higher accuracy of spectrum sensing (SS) becomes a challenge in cognitive radio adhoc network (CRAN) due to presence of varied power levels, interference, multipath fading and hidden node problems. Cooperative sensing based SS address these challenges by making spectrum decision based on distributed sensing measurements from multiple nodes. A major problem in cooperative SS is that, false sensing measurements sent by compromised node can impact the spectrum access probability and network services. These false measurements also affect the channel utilization calculation and disrupt the QoS based routing protocols for cognitive radio (CR) networks. The compromised node can also compromise the privacy of SU by leaking communicated messages. In this work, we provide a cross layer QoS assured routing system for CRAN that is secure as well as protects privacy. The proposed solution solves the problems of false sensing measurements using Kolmogorov Smirnov test on spectrum measurements in both spatially and temporal contexts. Attacks on spectrum measurements are detected and filtered using sequential probability test. Cross layer interactions are used in decision on source rate control, multipath selection and adaptive queing to provide guaranteed QoS. The proposed solution is able to increase the spectrum sensing accuracy by at least 7.6% in presence of sensing attacks and increase packet delivery ratio by at least 4% compared to existing works.