Copper catalytic effect on the thermal deterioration and surface morphology performance of transformer oil–paper insulation

Hao, Jian; Liao, Ruijin; Yang, Lijun; Gao, Sihang; Liu, Qiang; Gao, Jun

doi:10.1002/tee.22578

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…process of the transformer insulation system, and in this respect, confirm the recent conclusions of Hao et al [14]. The obtained results also demonstrate the advantage of using UV-Vis spectroscopy for the quantification of oil discoloration, i.e., for instance, for the accurate and fast quantification of the color scale shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Changes In the Uv-vis Region Of The Electromagnetic Spectrumsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The temperature dependence of these values may indicate a nonlinear process of sludge formation in the oil. Nevertheless, the overall high values of oil lifetime reduction, as quantified by UV-Vis spectroscopy, point to the dominant catalytic role of the copper and Kraft paper in the aging process of the transformer insulation system, and in this respect, confirm the recent conclusions of Hao et al [14]. The obtained results also demonstrate the advantage of using UV-Vis spectroscopy for the quantification of oil discoloration, i.e., for instance, for the accurate and fast quantification of the color scale shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Changes In the Uv-vis Region Of The Electromagnetic Spectrumsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The oil was placed in 50 mL amber laboratory flasks with wide-mouth glass stoppers which remained closed during thermal aging. Based on our previous experience [25] and the IEC 60,216 standard [14], three testing temperatures (110, 120, and 130 • C) were chosen, and the exposure time varied from 24 to 2424 h for 110 • C, from 24 to 1656 h for 120 • C, and from 24 to 600 h for 130 • C.…”

Section: Tested Oil and Thermo-oxidative Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of these studies have addressed the role of copper sulfide formation and its influence on transformer failure. With a few exceptions, e.g., a recent study by Hao et al [14], insufficient data exist to enable the exact quantification of the synergic effect of catalysts on the lifetime of transformer mineral oil. Hao et al [14] addressed the catalytic effect of copper on the thermal aging rate and the micro/nanolevel morphology of the oil-paper insulation aged with and without copper at 130 • C for 80 days (1920 h).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With a few exceptions, e.g., a recent study by Hao et al [14], insufficient data exist to enable the exact quantification of the synergic effect of catalysts on the lifetime of transformer mineral oil. Hao et al [14] addressed the catalytic effect of copper on the thermal aging rate and the micro/nanolevel morphology of the oil-paper insulation aged with and without copper at 130 • C for 80 days (1920 h). These researchers confirmed that copper plays a catalytic role in the aging of naphthenic oil-paper insulation, and that this role becomes obvious during the later stages of the aging process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying the Effect of Catalysts on the Lifetime of Transformer Oil

et al. 2020

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The effect of catalysts in the form of a transformer copper winding with Kraft paper insulation on the lifetime of transformer oil was studied via ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The tested naphthenic mineral oil was exposed to accelerated thermo-oxidative aging with limited access to air at temperatures of 110, 120, and 130 °C for times ranging from 24 to 2424 h in the presence and absence of catalysts. The UV-Vis technique focused on assessing the change in the color of the oil and quantified a 35%–45% reduction in oil lifetime, depending on the aging temperature, due to the influence of catalysts. The FT-IR analysis focused on the decrease in the spectral band at 3650 cm−1, which corresponds to the low-temperature antioxidant present in the oil, and quantified the 35% reduction in the oil lifetime independent of the aging temperature. This high rate of reduction in the transformer oil lifetime points to the dominant catalytic role of the Kraft paper and copper during the aging process of the transformer insulation system.

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Section: Changes In the Uv-vis Region Of The Electromagnetic Spectrumsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Changes In the Uv-vis Region Of The Electromagnetic Spectrumsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Tested Oil and Thermo-oxidative Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying the Effect of Catalysts on the Lifetime of Transformer Oil

et al. 2020

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An investigation of the Behaviour of Copper Electronic State Evolution on the Failure of Oil-paper Insulation Systems

Lin,

Guo,

Zhang

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Copper, as one of the most hazardous metals to transformer insulation systems, has attracted a great deal of interest from scholars at home and abroad. Unfortunately, the specific type of copper that causes catalytic aging of oil-paper insulation is still controversial. Therefore, in this paper, the effect of the electronic state evolution of copper in different oxidation states on the aging performance of the insulation systems was investigated by characterization techniques and performance evaluation. Cu2O has a stronger catalytic oxidizing effect on insulation system than CuO. This study elucidates the electronic state evolution of different oxidation states of copper and its influence on the insulation performance, which lays a good foundation for the advancement of transformer fault warning technology.

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Revealing the Intrinsic Correlation between Cu Scales and Free Radical Chain Reactions in the Regulation of Catalytic Behaviour

Zhang,

Yan

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Defining the copper-based catalysts that are responsible for the catalytic behaviour of oil-paper insulation systems and implementing effective regulation are of great significance. Accelerated ageing experiments were conducted to reveal variations in copper scales and deterioration in insulation properties. As ageing progressed, TEM images demonstrated that copper species were adsorbed and aggregated on the fibre surface in the form of nanoparticles (NPs). The scale of NPs exhibited a continuous increase, from 27.06 nm to 94.19 nm. Cu(I) and Cu(II) species were identified as the active sites for inducing intense free radical reactions, which significantly reduced the activation energy, making the insulating oil more susceptible to oxidation. The role of the antioxidant di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (DBPC) in extending the insulation life was regulated by determining the optimal addition time based on variations in the interfacial tension. After the second addition of DBPC, the ageing rates of the dissipation factor, acidity, micro-water and breakdown voltage in the Cu+DBPC group decreased by 28.8%, 43.2%, 52.9% and 46.7%, respectively, compared to the Cu group. This finding not only demonstrates the crucial role of DBPC in preventing the copper-based catalyst-induced oxidation of insulating oil, but also furnishes a vital foundation for enhancing the long-term stability of transformer insulation systems.

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Copper catalytic effect on the thermal deterioration and surface morphology performance of transformer oil–paper insulation

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Quantifying the Effect of Catalysts on the Lifetime of Transformer Oil

Quantifying the Effect of Catalysts on the Lifetime of Transformer Oil

An investigation of the Behaviour of Copper Electronic State Evolution on the Failure of Oil-paper Insulation Systems

Revealing the Intrinsic Correlation between Cu Scales and Free Radical Chain Reactions in the Regulation of Catalytic Behaviour

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