Copper chloride - cyanopyridine complexes as catalysts for the decomposition of fluorophosphonate esters

Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents – What is Thorough?

“…Owing to its chemical similarity to sarin (GB), the hydrolysis of soman can be catalyzed by the hypochlorite anion and even heavy metal complexes such as copper(II) accelerate the soman hydrolysis to, for decont purposes, useful rates [20]. Na 2 CO 3 , KOH, and NaOH solutions are also used in decontamination procedures for the fast decomposition of soman, with half-life times of approximately less than 1 min [2,18,19,21].…”

Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents

“…Non -aqueous decontaminants and formulations such as DS2 have the ability to deal with grease contaminated surfaces and have an improved ability to dissolve and decontaminate thickened agents [2,5,9] . Mechanical support in the way of scrubbing the surfaces helps to make the formulations more effective and to decontaminate even thickened agent contaminated surfaces.…”

“…The end product is fl uoride and pinacolyl -methylphosphonate as the initial products [ Due to the chemical similarity to sarin (GB) the hydrolysis of soman will be catalyzed by the hypochlorite anion. Heavy metal complexes, such as copper (II) accelerate the soman hydrolysis to for decontamination purposes useful rates [9,49] . Na 2 CO 3 -, KOH -and NaOH -solutions are used in decontamination procedures for the fast decomposition of soman with half -life times of approximately less than 1 minute [1,19,51,52] .…”

Methanolysis of Pyrazinecarbonitrile in the Coordination Sphere of Copper(II). The Crystal Structure of Dichlorobis(O-Methylpyrazinecarboximidate)-Copper(II) Dihydrate

“…Greenish yellow crystals of (5) were deposited during several days by slow evaporation of the solvent at room tempera-; the yield of (5) was 80%. For the preparation of complex (6) a filtered methanolic solution of CuBr2 (5mmol) was mixed with a methanolic solution (10 an3) of pz-CN (10 or 20 mmol). The reaction solutions were further refluxed for 5 h. Dark green precipitates which started to deposit during reflux were collected by filtration, washed with dry ethanol and finally dried in v m ; yields were 65% (CuBr2 to pz-CN molar ratio 1 : 2) and 50% (CUX, to pz-CN molar ratio 1 : 4).…”

“…All solid complexes (1)-(6) were.prepared only by the reaction of pz-CN with Cu(II) salts in methanol and ethanol.The formation of O-methylpyrazinecarbdate (pz-C(NH)OMe) and of their solid complexes (3)-(6) prepared by the reaction of pz-CN with 108 P. SEGL'A et al NH II CuX, + CH,OH L [ N T c h C H , N (PZ-CN) (pz-C(NH)OMe) ( 0 ) = nitrogen in ortho position to the nitrile group (m) = nitrogen in mefa position to the nitrile group X = Br, CI SCHEME 2 Formation of Cu(II) complexes (3)-(6) which contain U-methylpynwinecarboxazinscarboximidate (pz-C(NH)OMe). Cu(lI) salts in dry methanol is shown in Scheme 2.…”